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unicornx avatar unicornx commented on July 18, 2024

Debian and code names: what's the best way to refer to specific Debian releases?

没啥意思,不作为新闻了

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unicornx avatar unicornx commented on July 18, 2024

The io.weight I/O-bandwidth controller

Part of the kernel's job is to arbitrate access to the available hardware resources and ensure that every process gets its fair share, with "its fair share" being defined by policies specified by the administrator. One resource that must be managed this way is I/O bandwidth to storage devices; if due care is not taken, an I/O-hungry process can easily saturate a device, starving out others. The kernel has had a few I/O-bandwidth controllers over the years, but the results have never been entirely satisfactory. But there is a new controller on the block that might just get the job done.

内核肩负的职责之一就是要对所有访问硬件资源的行为进行仲裁,确保每个进程对资源的使用是公平的。而这里所谓的公平,则是指在系统管理员所定义的策略基础上。这些需要管理的资源之一就包括针对存储设备的 I/O bandwidth。假如没有采取公平的分配,那么一个拥有很多 I/O 操作的进程很有可能会占据存储设备的全部带宽,导致其他进程被饿死。很多年来内核已经提供了几个 I/O-bandwidth 控制策略,但效果上总觉得并不能完全令人满意。不过最近由 Tejun Heo 提出的一个新的基于控制组(control group)权重(weight)的块设备控制方案很有可能可以完美地解决这个问题。

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unicornx avatar unicornx commented on July 18, 2024

TurboSched: the return of small-task packing

CPU scheduling is a difficult task in the best of times; it is not trivial to pick the next process to run while maintaining fairness, minimizing energy use, and using the available CPUs to their fullest potential. The advent of increasingly complex system architectures is not making things easier; scheduling on asymmetric systems (such as the big.LITTLE architecture) is a case in point. The "turbo" mode provided by some recent processors is another. The TurboSched patch set from Parth Shah is an attempt to improve the scheduler's ability to get the best performance from such processors.

CPU scheduling(处理器的调度)工作是一件很难尽善尽美的任务,因为在选择下一个运行的进程时,既要保证公平性、又要尽量省电以及用足处理器的能力,要同时满足以上要求不是一件简单的事情。目前的系统架构也越来越复杂,这只会使情况愈来愈复杂。例如在非对称系统(big.LITTLE 这种架构)上要想实现完美的调度功能就会很难。另外针对某些最新处理器所支持的 turbo mode 特性,要想实现对该特性的支持,对于内核的调度器实现也是一个挑战。Parth Shah 最近提供了一个针对该特性的 TurboSched patch set,希望能改善调度器的能力从而最大化利用这类处理器的性能。

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unicornx avatar unicornx commented on July 18, 2024

Providing wider access to bpf()

The bpf() system call allows user space to load a BPF program into the kernel for execution, manipulate BPF maps, and carry out a number of other BPF-related functions. BPF programs are verified and sandboxed, but they are still running in a privileged context and, depending on the type of program loaded, are capable of creating various types of mayhem. As a result, most BPF operations, including the loading of almost all types of BPF program, are restricted to processes with the CAP_SYS_ADMIN capability — those running as root, as a general rule. BPF programs are useful in many contexts, though, so there has long been interest in making access to bpf() more widely available. One step in that direction has been posted by Song Liu; it works by adding a novel security-policy mechanism to the kernel.

bpf() 系统调用,可以用来加载 BPF program 到内核执行,设置 BPF 映射,以及其他一些和 BPF 相关的功能。BPF program 都是验证过的并且运行在隔离的沙箱环境,不过客观来说这些程序仍是运行在特权上下文中,可能会给系统带来一定程度的风险。因此,绝大多数 BPF 操作(包括加载各种类型的 BPF 程序)都被严格限制只有具备 CAP_SYS_ADMIN 权限的进程可以调用,这通常也就意味着需要 root 权限。BPF 程序在很多场景下面都会有用,因此人们一直希望能有更多自由(不要局限于必须具备 root 权限)来使用 bpf()。在具体的解决方案中 Song Liu 提出的补丁算是一个,他希望在内核里增加一个与众不同的安全策略来达到这个目的。

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unicornx avatar unicornx commented on July 18, 2024

Excellent! Ubuntu LTS Users Will Now Get the Latest Nvidia Driver Updates [No PPA Needed Anymore]
好消息!Ubuntu LTS 用户不需要 PPA 也可以获得最新的 Nvidia 驱动更新

历史上在 Ubuntu 上安装最新和最好的 Nvidia 二进制驱动程序更新十分麻烦。默认情况下,Ubuntu 提供开源的 Nvidia Nouveau 驱动程序,但这个驱动质量不佳,有时会导致 Ubuntu 卡在启动屏幕上。你也可以轻松地在 Ubuntu 中安装专有的 Nvidia 驱动程序。问题是默认 Ubuntu 存储库中的 Nvidia 驱动程序不是最新的。为此,几年前 Ubuntu 引入了一个专门的 PPA以解决这个问题。虽然使用官方 PPA 仍然是安装闭源图形驱动程序的一个不错的解决方法。但对于不熟悉的用户来说依然不是最方便的选择。但是,现在,Ubuntu 同意将最新的 Nvidia 驱动程序更新作为 SRU(StableReleaseUpdates)的一部分提供。所以,你将在使用 Ubuntu LTS 版本时也拥有 Nvidia 驱动程序了。这意味着你不再需要在 Ubuntu LTS 版本上单独下载/安装 Nvidia 图形驱动程序。你将随时获得最新的 Nvidia 二进制驱动程序的更新包。

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unicornx avatar unicornx commented on July 18, 2024

Linux 5.2 was released on 7 July 2019.

Summary: This release includes Sound Open Firmware, a project that brings open source firmware to DSP audio devices; open firmware for many Intel products is also included. This release also improves the Pressure Stall Information resource monitoring to make it usable by Android; the mount API has been redesigned with new syscalls; the BFQ I/O scheduler has gained some performance improvements; a new CLONE_PIDFD flag lets clone(2) return pidfs usable by pidfd_send_signal(2); Ext4 has gained support for case-insensitive name lookups; there is also a new device mapper target that simulates a device that has failing sectors and/or read failures; open source drivers for the ARM Mali t4xx and newer 6xx/7xx have been added. As always, there are fixes for the latest CPU bug (MDS) and many other new drivers and improvements.

本次版引入的重大更新包括:引入 Sound Open Firmware,这是一个为 DSP 音频设备所带来的开源固件项目; 该项目还加入了许多英特尔产品的开放固件。改进了对 Pressure Stall Information 资源的监控,更方便 Android 的使用; mount API 使用新的系统调用进行了重新设计; BFQ I / O 调度程序已经获得了一些性能改进; 新的 CLONE_PIDFD 标志允许 clone() 返回可供 pidfd_send_signal() 使用的 pidfs; Ext4 支持名称查找中不区分大小写; 还有一个新的设备映射器目标,它可用于模拟一个具有扇区故障或者读取故障的设备; 添加了ARM Mali t4xx 和 更新的 6xx / 7xx 开源驱动程序。 以及其他最新的错误修复等。

Linux RT Preempt 同步发布 Linux 5.2 版本对应的实时补丁 http://cdn.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/projects/rt/5.2/

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unicornx avatar unicornx commented on July 18, 2024

飞漫正式发布 MiniGUI 4.0.0!

自 2019 年 4 月 16 日发布 MiniGUI 4.0.0 预览版本以来,又经过了三个月的紧张开发,飞漫软件在 MiniGUI 官网上发布了 MiniGUI 4.0.0 正式版本!
MiniGUI 4.0 是 MiniGUI 3.2 基础上的一次重大更新,新增或修改的代码达 20 万行之巨(包括自动生成的代码)。为确保代码质量,开发者针对每个新增或者修改的接口编写了针对性的单元测试代码,并利用 efence、valgrind 等工具检测可能的内存泄露、越界访问等常见问题。
目前,MiniGUI 4.0(包括其他组件以及示例程序)的源代码已经全部合并到了 GitHub 仓库的主干(master)上,而 3.2.x 版本则位于 rel-3-2 分支。

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unicornx avatar unicornx commented on July 18, 2024

Alan Turing’s face will appear on British currency by the end of 2021

"Alan Turing was an outstanding mathematician whose work has had an enormous impact on how we live today," Bank of England governor Mark Carney said in the bank’s announcement on Monday. "As the father of computer science and artificial intelligence, as well as a war hero, Alan Turing's contributions were far ranging and path breaking. Turing is a giant on whose shoulders so many now stand."

今年是英国著名数学家、计算机科学和人工智能之父、密码破译专家艾伦·图灵(Alan Turing) 诞辰107年,英国央行英格兰银行宣布,图灵将成为英国50英镑新钞人物!以表彰其对今天人们生活方式产生的巨大影响。
英国央行发行的英镑一面印有伊丽莎白女王的头像,而另一面则是英国历史上一位著名人物的头像。此前登上过英镑的英国历史伟人包括牛顿、达尔文、迈克尔・法拉第。当前版本的 50 英镑钞票则印着工业革命的重要人物詹姆斯・瓦特和实业家马修・博尔顿。

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unicornx avatar unicornx commented on July 18, 2024

腾讯开源软件镜像站上线

腾讯开源软件镜像站(Tencent Open Source Mirror Site)已于近日上线,其官方名称为 "腾讯云软件源",由腾讯云提供支持。地址: https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/index.html

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unicornx avatar unicornx commented on July 18, 2024

Linux Mint 19.2 “Tina”Beta 版发布,更好的内核管理功能

Linux Mint 团队已正式宣布推出 Linux Mint 19.2 “Tina” 的首个 beta 版,它包含一系列性能改进和界面改进,并为许多核心应用程序和实用程序带来增强功能。

测试稳定后,Linux Mint 19.2 将成为 Linux Mint 的第 30 个命名版本,以及基于 Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Bionic Beaver 的 19.x 系列中的第二个版本。并将获得从发布到 2023 年的技术支持。

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