This package uses the FFmpeg to package media content for online streaming such as DASH and HLS. You can also use DRM for HLS packaging. There are several options to open a file from clouds and save files to them as well.
Contents
- Requirements
- Installation
- Quickstart
- Several Open Source Players
- Contributing and Reporting Bugs
- Credits
- License
-
This version of the package is only compatible with Python 3.6 or higher.
-
To use this package, you need to install the FFMpeg. You will need both FFMpeg and FFProbe binaries to use it.
The latest version of ffmpeg-streaming
can be acquired via pip:
pip install python-ffmpeg-video-streaming
The best way to learn how to use this library is to review the examples and browse the source code.
There are two ways to open a file:
video = '/var/www/media/videos/video.mp4'
You can open a file from a cloud by passing a tuple of cloud configuration to the method. There are some options to open a file from Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud Storage, Microsoft Azure Storage, and a custom cloud.
video = (google_cloud, download_options, None)
Please visit this page to see more examples and usage of these clouds.
Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH), also known as MPEG-DASH, is an adaptive bitrate streaming technique that enables high quality streaming of media content over the Internet delivered from conventional HTTP web servers.
Similar to Apple's HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) solution, MPEG-DASH works by breaking the content into a sequence of small HTTP-based file segments, each segment containing a short interval of playback time of content that is potentially many hours in duration, such as a movie or the live broadcast of a sports event. The content is made available at a variety of different bit rates, i.e., alternative segments encoded at different bit rates covering aligned short intervals of playback time. While the content is being played back by an MPEG-DASH client, the client uses a bit rate adaptation (ABR) algorithm to automatically select the segment with the highest bit rate possible that can be downloaded in time for playback without causing stalls or re-buffering events in the playback. The current MPEG-DASH reference client dash.js offers both buffer-based (BOLA) and hybrid (DYNAMIC) bit rate adaptation algorithms. Thus, an MPEG-DASH client can seamlessly adapt to changing network conditions and provide high quality playback with fewer stalls or re-buffering events. Learn more
Create DASH Files:
import ffmpeg_streaming
(
ffmpeg_streaming
.dash(video, adaption='"id=0,streams=v id=1,streams=a"')
.format('libx265')
.auto_rep()
.package('/var/www/media/videos/dash/dash-stream.mpd')
)
You can also create representations manually:
import ffmpeg_streaming
from ffmpeg_streaming import Representation
rep_144 = Representation(width=256, height=144, kilo_bitrate=95)
rep_240 = Representation(width=426, height=240, kilo_bitrate=150)
rep_360 = Representation(width=640, height=360, kilo_bitrate=276)
rep_480 = Representation(width=854, height=480, kilo_bitrate=750)
rep_720 = Representation(width=1280, height=720, kilo_bitrate=2048)
rep_1080 = Representation(width=1920, height=1080, kilo_bitrate=4096)
rep_1440 = Representation(width=2560, height=1440, kilo_bitrate=6096)
(
ffmpeg_streaming
.dash(video, adaption='"id=0,streams=v id=1,streams=a"')
.format('libx265')
.add_rep(rep_144, rep_240, rep_360, rep_480, rep_720, rep_1080, rep_1440)
.package('/var/www/media/videos/dash/dash-stream.mpd')
)
See DASH examples for more information.
See also DASH options for more information about options.
HTTP Live Streaming (also known as HLS) is an HTTP-based adaptive bitrate streaming communications protocol implemented by Apple Inc. as part of its QuickTime, Safari, OS X, and iOS software. Client implementations are also available in Microsoft Edge, Firefox and some versions of Google Chrome. Support is widespread in streaming media servers.
HLS resembles MPEG-DASH in that it works by breaking the overall stream into a sequence of small HTTP-based file downloads, each download loading one short chunk of an overall potentially unbounded transport stream. A list of available streams, encoded at different bit rates, is sent to the client using an extended M3U playlist. Learn more
Create HLS files based on original video(auto generate qualities).
import ffmpeg_streaming
(
ffmpeg_streaming
.hls(video, hls_time=10, hls_allow_cache=1)
.format('libx264')
.auto_rep()
.package('/var/www/media/videos/hls/hls-stream.m3u8')
)
You can also create representations manually:
import ffmpeg_streaming
from ffmpeg_streaming import Representation
rep_360 = Representation(width=640, height=360, kilo_bitrate=276)
rep_480 = Representation(width=854, height=480, kilo_bitrate=750)
rep_720 = Representation(width=1280, height=720, kilo_bitrate=2048)
(
ffmpeg_streaming
.hls(video, hls_time=10, hls_allow_cache=1)
.format('libx264')
.add_rep(rep_360, rep_480, rep_720)
.package('/var/www/media/videos/hls/hls-stream.m3u8')
)
NOTE: You cannot use HEVC(libx265) and VP9 formats for HLS packaging.
The encryption process requires some kind of secret (key) together with an encryption algorithm. HLS uses AES in cipher block chaining (CBC) mode. This means each block is encrypted using the ciphertext of the preceding block. Learn more
You need to pass both URL to the key
and a path to save a random key on your local machine
to the encryption
method:
import ffmpeg_streaming
(
ffmpeg_streaming
.hls(video, hls_time=10, hls_allow_cache=1)
.encryption('https://www.aminyazdanpanah.com/keys/enc.key', '/var/www/my_website_project/keys/enc.key')
.format('libx264')
.auto_rep(heights=[480, 360, 240])
.package('/var/www/media/videos/hls/hls-stream.m3u8')
)
NOTE: It is very important to protect your key on your website using a token or a session/cookie(It is highly recommended).
See HLS examples for more information.
See also HLS options for more information about options.
You can get realtime information about transcoding by passing callable methods to the package
:
import sys
import ffmpeg_streaming
def progress(percentage, ffmpeg):
# You can update a field in your database
# You can also create a socket connection and show a progress bar to users
sys.stdout.write("\rTranscoding...(%s%%)[%s%s]" % (percentage, '#' * percentage, '-' * (100 - percentage)))
sys.stdout.flush()
(
ffmpeg_streaming
.hls(video)
.format('libx264')
.auto_rep()
.package('/var/www/media/videos/hls/hls-stream.m3u8', progress=progress)
)
There are several options to save your files.
You can pass a local path to the package
method. If there was no directory in the path, then the package auto makes the directory.
(
ffmpeg_streaming
.hls(video)
.format('libx264')
.auto_rep()
.package('/var/www/media/videos/hls/hls-stream.m3u8', progress=progress)
)
It can also be null. The default path to save files is the input path.
(
ffmpeg_streaming
.hls(video)
.format('libx264')
.auto_rep()
.package(progress=progress)
)
NOTE: If you open a file from cloud and did not pass a path to save a file, you will have to pass a local path to the package
method.
You can save your files to clouds by passing a array of cloud configuration to the package
method. There are some options to save files to Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud Storage, Microsoft Azure Storage, and a custom cloud.
(
ffmpeg_streaming
.dash('/var/www/media/video.mkv', adaption='"id=0,streams=v id=1,streams=a"')
.format('libx265')
.auto_rep()
.package(clouds=[to_aws_cloud, to_azure_cloud, to_google_cloud],
progress=progress)
)
A path can also be passed to save a copy of files on your local machine.
(
ffmpeg_streaming
.dash('/var/www/media/video.mkv', adaption='"id=0,streams=v id=1,streams=a"')
.format('libx265')
.auto_rep()
.package(output='/var/www/media/stream.mpd', clouds=[to_aws_cloud, to_google_cloud],
progress=progress)
)
Please visit this page to see more examples and usage of these clouds.
NOTE: You can open a file from your local machine(or a cloud) and save files to a local path or a cloud(or multiple clouds) or both.
You can extract the metadata of video file using the following code:
from ffmpeg_streaming import FFProbe
ffprobe = FFProbe('/var/www/media/video.mp4')
NOTE: You can save these metadata to your database.
See the example for more information.
You can use these libraries to play your streams.
- WEB
- DASH and HLS: video.js
- DASH and HLS: DPlayer
- DASH and HLS: Plyr
- DASH and HLS: MediaElement.js
- DASH and HLS: Clappr
- DASH and HLS: Flowplayer
- DASH and HLS: Shaka Player
- DASH and HLS: videojs-http-streaming (VHS)
- DASH: dash.js
- HLS: hls.js
- Android
- DASH and HLS: ExoPlayer
- Windows, Linux, and macOS
- DASH and HLS: VLC media player
NOTE: You should pass a manifest of stream(e.g. https://www.aminyazdanpanah.com/PATH_TO_STREAM_DIRECTORY/dash-stream.mpd
or /PATH_TO_STREAM_DIRECTORY/hls-stream.m3u8
) to these players.
I'd love your help in improving, correcting, adding to the specification. Please file an issue or submit a pull request.
- Please see Contributing File for more information.
- If you have any questions or you want to report a bug, please just file an issue
- If you discover a security vulnerability within this package, please see SECURITY File for more information.
NOTE: If you have any questions about this package or FFmpeg, please DO NOT send an email to me (or submit the contact form on my website). Emails regarding these issues will be ignored.
The MIT License (MIT). Please see License File for more information.