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Home Page: http://akai.github.io
akai's blog
Home Page: http://akai.github.io
感觉 Debian 的 apt-get
不给力,想找个更好的软件包管理器,然后就看到了 pacman
,它是 Arch Linux 的一大亮点,那索性把系统也换了吧,就是这么任性 😛。
(其实我的最爱是 Mac 下的 homebrew
🍺 )
Arch 是滚动发行系统,也就是说没有具体的版本号。。这里下载的是最新的 archlinux-2015.09.01-dual.iso
Arch 虽然没有图像化安装界面,但好在有个比较完善的 wiki,安装只需要根据 Beginners' guide 一步一步走就行,另外有几点需要补充一下:
如果是在 VirtualBox 里安装系统,想用 UEFI 启动模式:
设置 -> 系统/主板/扩展功能 -> ☑启用 EFI
用 parted
分区时可加 -a optimal
,确保4k对齐:
parted -a optimal /dev/sda
163的在7.0;浙大的在1.4;中科大的在2.3:
# nano /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
-----
Server = http://mirrors.163.com/archlinux/$repo/os/$arch
Server = http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/archlinux/$repo/os/$arch
Server = http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archlinux/$repo/os/$arch
# nano /etc/locale.gen
-----
en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8
zh_TW.UTF-8 UTF-8
PageDown
/PageUp
滚屏Ctrl
+v
向下翻页Ctrl
+y
向上翻页Alt
+6
复制当前行Ctrl
+u
粘贴Ctrl
+x
退出,保存按 y
,回车安装完重启,进入系统后只是一个命令行环境,这里我们还需要配置一下:
pacman -Syu
添加名为 archie
的用户,加入 wheel
用户组, bash
作为登录 shell:
useradd -m -G wheel -s /bin/bash archie
设置密码:
passwd archie
安装 sudo:
pacman -S sudo
运行 visudo
命令,将下面一行取消注释:
%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL
安装显卡驱动:
# 查看显卡
lspci | grep VGA
# 搜索对应驱动
pacman -Ss xf86-video | less
# 安装驱动(vesa 是最通用的驱动)
pacman -S xf86-video-vesa
安装 Xorg:
pacman -S xorg-server xorg-xinit
安装桌面环境(这里选择 xfce4
):
pacman -S xfce4
设置 xfce4
自启动:
cp /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc ~/.xinitrc
# ~/.xinitrc
-----
xscreensaver &
xsetroot -cursor_name left_ptr &
exec startxfce4
# ~/.bash_profile
-----
[[ -z $DISPLAY && $XDG_VTNR -eq 1 ]] && exec startx
# git
pacman -S openssh git
# dig...
pacman -S bind-tools
# jdk
pacman -S jdk8-openjdk
如果是在 VirtualBox 里安装的,还需要安装 Guest Additions。
# 安装 Guest Additions
pacman -S virtualbox-guest-utils
# 加载 VirtualBox module
modprobe -a vboxguest vboxsf vboxvideo
# 启动 VirtualBox guest service
VBoxClient-all
开启文件夹共享:
mkdir /mnt/shared
mount -t vboxsf shared_folder_name /mnt/shared
相比其它系统安装时习惯性一系列的“下一步”,折腾完 Arch 还是有点小激动的:yum:,想必这也是 Linux 的乐趣之一吧。
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