alijahnas/cka-practice-exercises

This is a guide for passing the CNCF Certified Kubernetes Administrator (CKA) with practice exercises. Good luck!

CKA preparation

CNCF CKA official page:

https://www.cncf.io/certification/cka/

CNCF CKA Curriculum v1.27:

https://github.com/cncf/curriculum/blob/master/CKA_Curriculum_v1.27.pdf

You will be evaluated on 5 topics around Kubernetes administration:

• Cluster Architecture, Installation & Configuration 25%
• Workloads & Scheduling 15%
• Services & Networking 20%
• Storage 10%
• Troubleshooting 30%

Useful official documentation:

• https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/
• https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/
• https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/

Good articles about the subject:

• https://medium.com/@pmvk/tips-to-crack-certified-kubernetes-administrator-cka-exam-c949c7a9bea1
• https://medium.com/bb-tutorials-and-thoughts/practice-enough-with-these-questions-for-the-ckad-exam-2f42d1228552
• https://github.com/stretchcloud/cka-lab-practice
• https://github.com/dgkanatsios/CKAD-exercises (Useful for CKA too)

How it goes

The CKA is not a multiple choice question, that is, it is not possible to choose a random answer or to choose the least wrong answer. The CKA is a practical exam where you are given 24 problems to solve within 3 hours. You can go from one problem to the other and you can flag them to come back to them later if you're not sure of the answer.

We give you several clusters on which to solve the problems, and you have to be careful to be on the right cluster otherwise we don't understand why you can't find the namespaces or pods they talk about in the question, and you lose a lot of time believing that it is part of the question when it was just that you were not in the right cluster.

During the exam, you will be assessed on the 5 topics mentionned above.

So you will have to create pods, deployments, do rollouts, create a cluster with KubeADM, repair a crashing cluster, and lots of things a Kubernetes administrator does. To be comfortable with all these operations, here is what I recommend.

First, it is very useful to redo the now famous "Kubernetes the hard way" by Kelsey Hightower: https://github.com/kelseyhightower/kubernetes-the-hard-way/tree/master/docs

It is not necessary to know how to do it by heart for the CKA, contrary to what we can read online. But it's good training to understand how the Kubernetes system and architecture works in detail.

Then you can repeat exercises similar to the problems you will be asked during the exam. This repo is actually a set of exercises with their solution.

I also advise you to be comfortable with using the Kubernetes official documentation: https://kubernetes.io/docs/home/ because during the exam you will not have the right to open more than one tab to do research (no Google allowed). And it is on the official documentation site that you can find lots of examples that will help you answer the problems. Besides, in the exercises that I propose above, I systematically give the link to the documentation page which allows you to respond to the problem posed. This way the search for help for the answer becomes automatic and easier during the exam and you don't have to waste too much time.

Finally, in terms of logistics. The exam takes place online, with your computer, which must have a camera for you to be monitored. Your desk on which you are taking the exam should be absolutely empty. You are entitled to a bottle of water, because it is three hours of examination. You can ask to take a break, but time does not stop during the break.

You have to be well prepared to be comfortable during the exam. If you discovered Kubernetes a month ago, it may take a lot of practice to learn all the concepts and be able to repeat them. But if you've been working on Kubernetes for more than a year, then all you have to do is to be very comfortable with templates and CLI so you don't have to be stressed by time, but the exam itself is really not difficult. You can finish it easily under two hours.

Good luck with the preparation!

cka-practice-exercises's Issues

sheep 3600

There is a sheep 3600 command in troubleshooting.md that should probably be sleep 3600.

Link in the readme is giving a 404

Hi,

The link mentioned is giving a 404 not found error

https://github.com/cncf/curriculum/blob/master/CKA_Curriculum_v1.20.pdf

etcd backup command

save etcd snapshot

sudo ETCDCTL_API=3 etcdctl snapshot save --endpoints 172.16.1.11:2379 snapshot.db --cacert >>>/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/server.crt --cert /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.crt --key /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.key

I think it should be:
--cacert /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.crt --cert /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/server.crt --key /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/server.key

Addition of new CKA learning repository

I would like to add this repository to your README , it contains quick notes and example questions and answers related to the CKA exam

https://github.com/DiptoChakrabarty/CKA-0-to-100-guide

I would like to open a PR adding this repository

Unable to provision terraform

Hello,

From where we can come up with the following iso files needed in terraform code?

cloudinit_ubuntu_k8s_controlplane.iso
cloudinit_ubuntu_k8s_node_1.iso
cloudinit_ubuntu_k8s_node_2.iso

If someone could share it with us or steps of how to create it.

Thanks.

ModernAppsNinja Github Org Shutting Down

Hi @alijahnas this message is being sent because there is a fork of this repository hosted on the ModernAppsNinja github org.

We will be decommissioning the ModernAppsNinja Github org over the next few months and all content will be removed. If you created the fork, please be sure you have saved any content associated with the fork on the modernappsninja org, as it will be removed.

Thanks!

cluster-infra.tf failing to load modules.

terraform init

Initializing the backend...

Initializing provider plugins...

• Reusing previous version of multani/libvirt from the dependency lock file
• Using previously-installed multani/libvirt v0.6.3-1+4

Terraform has been successfully initialized!

You may now begin working with Terraform. Try running "terraform plan" to see
any changes that are required for your infrastructure. All Terraform commands
should now work.

If you ever set or change modules or backend configuration for Terraform,
rerun this command to reinitialize your working directory. If you forget, other
commands will detect it and remind you to do so if necessary.

kkadmin@Node1:~/terraform$ terraform apply
╷
│ Error: Failed to load plugin schemas
│
│ Error while loading schemas for plugin components: Failed to obtain provider schema: Could not load the schema for provider
│ registry.terraform.io/multani/libvirt: failed to instantiate provider "registry.terraform.io/multani/libvirt" to obtain schema: Unrecognized remote plugin
│ message:
│
│ This usually means that the plugin is either invalid or simply
│ needs to be recompiled to support the latest protocol...

kkadmin@Node1:~/terraform$ terraform version
Terraform v1.1.7
on linux_amd64

• provider registry.terraform.io/multani/libvirt v0.6.3-1+4
  kkadmin@Node1:~/terraform$