chafah/devops-end-2-end

DevOps-End-2-End

1. Analyze, propose, and participate in defining standards: practices, processes, and tools for implementing new solutions within the DevOps framework:

Understand the Solution:

Understand the Solution: Understand the Solution: Deployment Planning: Automation and Scripting: Security Configuration: Testing and Quality Assurance: Monitor and Maintain: Scalability and Performance Optimization: Backup and Recovery: Documentation:

1. Create infrastructure roadmap

• Understand the Current State and challenges:
• Identify Business Goals:
• Collaborate with Stakeholders to Evaluate Tools and Technologies:
• Automation Strategy:
• Implement Monitoring and Feedback Loops:
• Iterate and Improve/ Sprints:
• Measure Success KPI, Review and Adapt: :

2. Set up Configuration and Deployment

• Define Infrastructure as Code (IaC) Terraform 1.5.7 (07 Sep 2023) on AWS $ AZURE:
• Containerize Applications for storage, Portable:
• Set Up a Version Control System GitHub Git:
• Continuous Integration jenkins:
• Continuous Deployment (CD) and Environment Configuration:
• Testing and Quality Assurance (Maven_JUnit / functionality and integration) and SonarQube (coverage):
• Implement Deployment Strategies (Canary/Blue_Green):
• Implement Monitoring, Alert and Logging (Slack, Prometheus & Grafana):
• Implement Backup, Update and rollback strategies (scp, rysnc, Deployment, snapshot):

3. Security and Backup Policies

• Implement Identity and Access Management IAM/Okta/Azure Active Dir: USERS / RESOURCES: RBAC / Single Sign-On (SSO) Integration/ MFA / Password Policies: Third party integration: Security Education and Training: Regular Security Audits and Penetration Testing: Incident Response Plan:: These could include data breaches, malware infections, DDoS attacks, unauthorized access:

4. Infrastructure as Code Terraform

• Terraform v1.5.7 to provision resources:
• Ansible for configuration management (envmt state):
• Remote state in ASW S3BUCKETS or Terraform Cloud:
• Import resources to terraform management:
• Monitoring and Logging (Amazon CloudWatch, AWS CloudTrai):

5. Documentation

• Automate and Document repetitive processes:
• Version control Documentation:
• Version Control configuration files:

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Sure, here's the translation of your text into French:

1. Créer une feuille de route d'infrastructure

   • Comprendre l'état actuel et les défis :
   • Identifier les objectifs commerciaux :
   • Collaborer avec les parties prenantes pour évaluer les outils et les technologies :
   • Stratégie d'automatisation :
   • Mettre en place la surveillance et les boucles de rétroaction :
   • Itérer et améliorer / Sprints :
   • Mesurer les KPI de réussite, revoir et adapter :

2. Configuration et déploiement

   • Définir l'infrastructure en tant que code (IaC) Terraform 1.5.7 (07 Sep 2023) sur AWS et AZURE :
   • Containeriser les applications pour le stockage, la portabilité :
   • Mettre en place un système de contrôle de version GitHub Git :
   • Intégration continue Jenkins :
   • Déploiement continu (CD) et configuration de l'environnement :
   • Tests et assurance qualité (Maven_JUnit / fonctionnalité et intégration) et SonarQube (couverture) :
   • Mettre en place des stratégies de déploiement (Canary/Blue_Green) :
   • Mettre en place la surveillance, les alertes et la journalisation (Slack, Prometheus et Grafana) :
   • Mettre en place des stratégies de sauvegarde, de mise à jour et de restauration (scp, rysnc, déploiement, instantané) :

3. Politiques de sécurité et de sauvegarde

   • Mettre en place la gestion de l'identité et de l'accès IAM/Okta/Azure Active Dir : UTILISATEURS / RESSOURCES : RBAC / Intégration de l'authentification unique (SSO) / MFA / Politiques de mot de passe : Intégration de tiers : Éducation et formation en matière de sécurité : Audits de sécurité réguliers et tests de pénétration : Plan de réponse aux incidents : Cela peut inclure des violations de données, des infections par des logiciels malveillants, des attaques DDoS, un accès non autorisé :

4. Infrastructure en tant que code Terraform

   • Terraform v1.5.7 pour provisionner des ressources :
   • Ansible pour la gestion de la configuration (état de l'environnement) :
   • État distant dans les compartiments S3 d'AWS ou Terraform Cloud :
   • Importer des ressources dans la gestion Terraform :
   • Surveillance et journalisation (Amazon CloudWatch, AWS CloudTrail) :

5. Documentation

   • Automatiser et documenter les processus répétitifs :
   • Documenter les processus de contrôle de version :
   • Contrôler les fichiers de configuration de version :

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TERRAFORM COMMANDS:

Create and Manage Resources

1. terraform init:

Use Case: Initialize a new or existing Terraform configuration. This command downloads provider plugins and sets up the working directory. 2. terraform validate:

Use Case: Check the syntax and validity of your Terraform configuration files without actually creating resources. Useful for catching syntax errors early. 3. terraform plan:

Use Case: Generate an execution plan that describes what Terraform will do when you apply the configuration. It shows which resources will be created, modified, or destroyed. 4. terraform apply:

Use Case: Apply the configuration and create the specified infrastructure resources. Use this command to make the changes described in the execution plan. 5. terraform show:

Use Case: Show the current state of the resources managed by Terraform. It can be used to inspect the details of created resources. 6. terraform output:

Use Case: Display the values of output variables defined in your Terraform configuration. Output variables are often used to retrieve information about created resources. 7. terraform destroy:

Use Case: Destroy all resources defined in the configuration, effectively cleaning up the infrastructure. Use this command with caution, as it will delete resources. 8. terraform refresh:

Use Case: Update the state file to reflect the current real-world state of the resources. This can be useful if the state file becomes out of sync. 9. terraform import:

Use Case: Import existing resources into Terraform state. This command is handy when you have pre-existing infrastructure resources that you want to manage with Terraform. 10. terraform state:

• Use Case: Provides various subcommands to inspect and manipulate Terraform state. For example, you can use terraform state list to list all resources in the state.

11. terraform taint and terraform untaint:

• Use Case: Mark a resource as tainted or untainted. A tainted resource will be recreated on the next terraform apply, while an untainted resource will not be recreated.

12. terraform import:

• Use Case: Import an existing resource into your Terraform state. This is useful when you want to manage an existing resource with Terraform.

13. terraform graph:

• Use Case: Generate a visual representation (in DOT format) of the resource dependency graph. This can help you understand the relationships between resources.

14. terraform fmt:

• Use Case: Automatically format your Terraform configuration files to ensure consistent code style.

15. terraform workspace:

• Use Case: Manage multiple workspaces within a single configuration. Workspaces are used to separate state files and manage infrastructure for different environments (e.g., development, production).

DEBUGGING

1. terraform init and terraform validate:

Use Case: Start with initializing your Terraform configuration using terraform init and validate it using terraform validate. These commands help ensure that your configuration files are syntactically correct and that all required provider plugins are installed. 2. terraform plan and terraform apply with --target:

Use Case: Use terraform plan to preview the changes Terraform will make to your infrastructure. If you encounter errors or unexpected behavior, you can use terraform apply --target to apply changes to specific resources or modules. This allows you to isolate and debug individual components. 3. terraform console:

Use Case: Use terraform console to start an interactive console where you can evaluate expressions and query Terraform configuration values. This is helpful for testing and understanding variable values and expressions. 4. terraform state show:

Use Case: Display the current state of a specific resource or module using terraform state show. This can help you inspect the attributes and properties of resources to identify any issues. 5. terraform graph and Graph Visualization Tools:

Use Case: Generate a visual representation of the resource dependency graph using terraform graph. You can then use graph visualization tools like Graphviz to visualize and analyze the relationships between resources. This can help you identify circular dependencies or resource ordering issues. 6. terraform plan with -out and terraform apply with -input=false:

Use Case: When debugging complex configurations, save the plan to a file using terraform plan -out=plan.tfplan. Then, apply the plan using terraform apply -input=false plan.tfplan. This can help ensure that the execution plan you reviewed is applied as expected. 7. Environment Variables (TF_LOG, TF_LOG_PATH, TF_LOG_CORE, TF_LOG_PROVIDER, TF_LOG_COLOR):

Use Case: Set environment variables to control the verbosity and format of Terraform logs. For example, TF_LOG can be set to control the overall logging level, and TF_LOG_PATH can specify a log file for detailed logs. 8. terraform refresh, terraform taint, and terraform untaint:

Use Case: If you suspect that a resource's state is out of sync, use terraform refresh to update the state. If you want to recreate a specific resource for debugging, use terraform taint to mark it as tainted, and then apply your configuration again to recreate it. **9. Debugging with count and for_each:

Use Case: Debugging modules with conditionals or dynamic resource creation can be challenging. Use count and for_each constructs in your configuration to control resource creation based on specific conditions or criteria. 10. Remote Backend State Management:

• Use Case: If you are using a remote backend (e.g., AWS S3, Azure Storage), use Terraform's remote state management features to inspect, lock, and unlock state files for debugging in a multi-user or team environment.

11. Third-party Tools and Plugins:

• Use Case: Consider using third-party tools and plugins that integrate with Terraform for additional debugging capabilities, such as static analysis, linting, and security scanning.

12. terraform fmt and Linting Tools:

• Use Case: Use terraform fmt to automatically format your Terraform code and ensure consistent style. Additionally, use linting tools like tflint to catch common errors and best practice violations.

MANAGING REMOTE RESOURCES

terraform import <resource_type>.<resource_name> <resource_id>

You can add an import block to any Terraform configuration file. A common pattern is to create an imports.tf file, or to place each import block beside the resource block it imports into.

import { to = aws_instance.example id = "i-abcd1234" }

resource "aws_instance" "example" { name = "hashi"

(other resource arguments...)

}

To generate configuration, run terraform plan with the -generate-config-out flag and supply a new file path. Do not supply a path to an existing file, or Terraform throws an error.

terraform plan -generate-config-out=generated_resources.tf

WORKFLOW:

1. Add the import block: Add an import block to your configuration. This import block can be in a separate file (e.g., import.tf) or an existing configuration file.

import { to = aws_iot_thing.bar id = "foo" } 2. Plan and generate configuration: To instruct Terraform to generate configuration for the import blocks you defined, run terraform plan with the -generate-config-out= flag and a new file path. Terraform displays its plan for importing your resource and the file where Terraform generated configuration based on this plan.

terraform plan -generate-config-out=generated.tf

4. Apply: Run terraform apply to import your infrastructure.

terraform taint and terraform untaint:

Use Case: Mark a resource as tainted (needing replacement) or untainted. Tainted resources will be recreated on the next terraform apply. Useful for forcing resource recreation.

Examples:

terraform taint aws_instance.example: Mark the "aws_instance.example" resource as tainted. terraform untaint aws_instance.example: Mark the "aws_instance.example" resource as untainted.

Common Flags:

-var and -var-file: Specify input variables and variable files to customize your configuration. -state: Specify the path to the Terraform state file. -lock: Enable or disable state locking during operations. -input: Set to false to disable interactive input for variables, useful for non-interactive automation. -auto-approve or -auto-approve=: Automatically approve and apply changes without confirmation during apply. -parallelism=: Set the number of parallel resource operations during apply (default is 10). -refresh=true or -refresh=false: Enable or disable automatic state refreshing during plan. Workspace Flags:

-workspace: Specify a workspace to use for the command (e.g., terraform workspace select). -lock-timeout: Specify the duration to wait for acquiring a state lock. Output Flags:

-json: Format command output as JSON for easier parsing. -no-color: Disable colored output in the terminal for easier script integration. -compact-warnings: Reduce the verbosity of warnings in the output. Debugging Flags:

-debug: Enable debugging output for detailed logs (equivalent to setting TF_LOG=DEBUG). -trace: Enable tracing for extremely detailed logs (equivalent to setting TF_LOG=TRACE). -plugin-dir: Specify a directory containing provider plugins to use during operations. Backend Flags:

-backend-config: Specify backend configuration values directly from the command line. Other Flags:

-upgrade: Upgrade your configuration to the latest Terraform version (useful when migrating from older Terr rm versions). -lock-timeout: Override the backend's configured lock timeout for the current operation. -get-plugins=false: Disable automatic plugin installation and instead rely on manually installed plugins. Experimental Flags:

-lockfile: Specify an alternative lockfile location (used with experimental workspace locking). -trigger-destroy: Explicitly trigger destruction for lifecycle management. -check-variables=false: Disable variable validation to bypass errors during variable interpolation.