JSOP - JSON-Style Object Persistence

JSOP is a Python persistence engine designed to efficiently store and access JSON-style data on disk. It simplifies data management using a user-friendly API, making it an ideal choice for applications that need to handle substantial amounts of structured data with ease.

Key Features

Efficient Data Storage: JSOP is built on the dbm module, providing efficient storage capabilities.
User-Friendly API: We've made data management straightforward, so you can get your project up and running with minimal effort.
Seamless Migration: If your existing applications already store data in JSON files, JSOP allows you to migrate with minimal code changes, ensuring a smooth transition.

Installation

Install JSOP using pip:

pip3 install jsop

Quick Start

Creating a New JSOP File

Programmatically

import jsop

# Initialize JSOP with your JSON-serializable data.
data = {...}  # Your JSON data here
jsop.JSOP("/path/to/jsop").init(data)

From the Command Line

python3 -m jsop init /path/to/jsop /path/to/data.json

(If no initial JSON file is provided, the file will be initialized with an empty map.)

Read and Write

with jsop.JSOP("/path/to/jsop") as data:
    name = data["name"]
    data["age"] = 30
    for friend in data["friends"]:
        print(friend["name"])

Supported Operations

Assignments

Store JSON-serializable data using simple assignments:

path = "/path/to/jsop"

jsop.JSOP(path).init()      # Initialize with an empty map.

with jsop.JSOP(path) as data:
    data["string"] = "Hello, World!"
    data["boolean"] = True
    data["map"] = {"a": 1, "b": 2, "c": 3}
    data["map"]["d"] = 4
    data["map"]["list"] = [5, 6, 7]

The file will be saved when the with block exits.

Accessing Data

Retrieve data of primitive types and get the corresponding Python type:

with jsop.JSOP(path) as data:
    my_string = data["string"]  # type(my_string) is str
    my_int = data["map"]["c"]  # type(my_int) is int

When you retrieve a map or a list, you get special objects, named JDict and JList, respectively.

Map Operations

With JDict, you can perform various operations similar to a Python dict:

with jsop.JSOP(path) as data:
    my_map = data["map"]  # type(my_map) is JDict
    
    a = my_map["a"]                  # item access
    my_map["b"] = 3                  # item assignment
    del my_map["c"]                  # item removal
    if "d" in my_map:
        pass                         # using the "in" operator
    length = len(my_map)             # getting map's size
    keys = my_map.keys()             # getting a list of keys
    for key in my_map:
        pass                         # iteration over keys
    if my_map == my_map:
        pass                         # comparison with a JDict
    if my_map == {"a": 1, "b": 3}:
        pass                         # comparison with a Python dict
    my_map.clear()                   # removing all keys from a map

You can also convert the map to a regular Python dict using the export() method:

with jsop.JSOP(path) as data:
    my_map = data["map"].export()  # type(my_map) is dict

    my_map["e"] = 5

    data["map"] = my_map

List Operations

Similarly, the JList object supports most operations supported by a Python list:

with jsop.JSOP(path) as data:
    my_list = data["map"]["list"]  # type(my_list) is JList

    for item in my_list:
        pass                         # iteration over items
    my_list.append(8)                # adding an item
    eight = my_list.pop()            # removing (and returning) the last item
    six = my_list[1]                 # item access by index
    my_list[1] = 9                   # item assignment
    my_list.remove(9)                # removing an arbitrary item
    if 8 in my_list:
        pass                         # using the "in" operator
    length = len(my_list)            # getting the list's size
    if my_list == my_list:
        pass                         # comparison with a JList
    if my_list == [5, 6, 7]:
        pass                         # comparison with a Python list
    my_list.clear()                  # removing all items from the list

Like in JDict, JList also supports the export() method, which returns a Python list:

with jsop.JSOP(path) as data:
    my_list = data["map"]["list"].export()  # type(my_list) is list

Handling References

Be cautious when keeping references to JDict and JList objects. Unlike Python's regular dict and list objects, these are references to specific "paths" in the JSOP root object:

with jsop.JSOP(path) as data:
    data["list_of_lists"] = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]

    item = data["list_of_lists"][0]
    # `item` is a reference to the first item of the list under the key "list_of_lists" in `data`.

    del data["list_of_lists"]
    # The "list_of_lists" no longer exists, and `item` becomes an invalid reference.

    print(item[2])
    # This will raise an exception.

Locking

If multiple concurrent processes may access the database simultaneously, you need a locking mechanism to ensure data consistency. Some DBM implementations provide internal locking, while others require an external mechanism like filelock.

When you need read-only access, consider using JSOP(path, readonly=True) to prevent writing and pass the flag to the DBM implementation.

Copy and Backup

To create a copy of a JSOP file, it's recommended to export its content to JSON. This reduces storage space and ensures portability across different systems (and specifically, different DBM implementations):

python3 -m jsop export /path/to/jsop /path/to/copy.json

If no JSON file path is given, the result will be printed to the standard output. Dictionaries are sorted by key to ensure efficiency in diff-based backup systems.

Choosing DBM Implementation

You can choose the DBM implementation to use by overriding the jsop.dbm variable. For example:

import jsop
import dbm.gnu

jsop.dbm = dbm.gnu

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