Have you tried running a newer ElasticSearch following your notebook? (I'm using a free Colab account BTW)
[2023-06-09T20:55:09,286][ERROR][o.e.b.Elasticsearch ] [c96a2bd9070a] fatal exception while booting Elasticsearch java.security.AccessControlException: access denied ("java.io.FilePermission" "/sys/fs/cgroup/../../jupyter-children/cpu.stat" "read")
It sounds like Colab is not letting ES read some information from the Linux kernel!?
Easiest way to see these logs is to run this in a cell (rather than trying to launch the daemon via Python):
%%bash
sudo -u daemon elasticsearch-8.8.0/bin/elasticsearch -d -p pid