karandpr/conbeerlib

Android library for detecting Android virtual containers.

conbeerlib

conbeerlib is an Android library for detecting if an app is running inside a virtual container.

This is based on the work done by me and Gautam, presented at Android Security Symposium 2020 - slides.

This repo contains conbeerlib and a wrapper application, conware, which we used for our research.

Checks

Currently following checks are implemented:

1. Permissions in Manifest - There can be a mismatch between the permissions granted and originally requested by an application.
2. Process Memory - Check /proc/self/maps for presence of artifacts not belonging to the app's expected filepath.
3. Storage Dir - The assigned storage path for an app inside virtual container is different, as compared to when installed directly on Android device.
4. Environment Variables - Virtual containers set various environment variables.
5. Running App Services - There can be other services running than what started by an application.
6. App Components - Enable app components dynamically may not always work in virtual containers.

Usage

ConBeer cb = new ConBeer(context, appServiceNames);
if (cb.isContainer()) {
    // container is present
}else{
    // container not present
}

Add following code in onResume() method of your application. This code is responsible for dynamically enabling a dummy app component, which is used for testing presence of virtual containers. The component is defined in conbeerlib's manifest file.

ComponentName componentName = new ComponentName(this.getApplicationContext(), FakeBroadcastReceiver.class);
this.getPackageManager().setComponentEnabledSetting(componentName,
        PackageManager.COMPONENT_ENABLED_STATE_ENABLED,
        PackageManager.DONT_KILL_APP);

Limitations

This library is tested only with a limited number of virtual containers and may not be able to detect all them currently. Also, given the madness of Android device diversity, there is a good chance of false positives.

Please feel free to open an issue when you encounter such problems.

References

1. ANTI-PLUGIN: DON’T LET YOUR APP PLAY AS AN ANDROID PLUGIN
2. Android Plugin Becomes a Catastrophe to Android Ecosystem
3. Parallel Space Traveling: A Security Analysis of App-LevelVirtualization in Android

License

This project is released under the MIT License.