linus5/gosnmp

An SNMP library written in GoLang.

gosnmp

https://github.com/soniah/gosnmp

GoSNMP is an SNMP client library fully written in Go. It provides Get, GetNext, GetBulk, Walk, BulkWalk, Set and Traps. It supports IPv4 and IPv6, using SNMPv2c or SNMPv3. Builds are tested against linux/amd64 and linux/386.

About

soniah/gosnmp was originally based on alouca/gosnmp, but has been completely rewritten. Many thanks to Andreas Louca, other contributors (AUTHORS.md) and these project collaborators:

• Whitham Reeve (@wdreeveii)

Sonia Hamilton, [email protected], http://www.snowfrog.net.

Overview

GoSNMP has the following SNMP functions:

• Get (single or multiple OIDs)
• GetNext
• GetBulk
• Walk - retrieves a subtree of values using GETNEXT.
• BulkWalk - retrieves a subtree of values using GETBULK.
• Set - supports Integers and OctetStrings.
• SendTrap - send SNMP TRAPs.
• Listen - act as an NMS for receiving TRAPs.

GoSNMP has the following helper functions:

• ToBigInt - treat returned values as *big.Int
• Partition - facilitates dividing up large slices of OIDs

soniah/gosnmp has completely diverged from alouca/gosnmp, your code will require modification in these (and other) locations:

• the Get function has a different method signature
• the NewGoSNMP function has been removed, use Connect instead (see Usage below). Connect uses the GoSNMP struct; gosnmp.Default is provided for you to build on.
• GoSNMP no longer relies on alouca/gologger - you can use your logger if it conforms to the gosnmp.Logger interface; otherwise debugging will be discarded (/dev/null).

type Logger interface {
    Print(v ...interface{})
    Printf(format string, v ...interface{})
}

GoSNMP is still under development, therefore API's may change and bugs will be squashed. Test Driven Development is used - you can help by sending packet captures (see Packet Captures below). There may be more than one branch on github. master is safe to pull from, other branches unsafe as history may be rewritten.

Installation

Install via go get:

go get github.com/soniah/gosnmp

Using dependency managers

By default the dep tool uses versioning, which is not implemented by this repository. To use this package with dep, please add the following to godep.toml or replace the existing declaration:

Change from:

[[constraint]]
  name = "github.com/soniah/gosnmp"
  version = "1.0.0"

To:

[[constraint]]
  name = "github.com/soniah/gosnmp"
  branch = "master"

Documentation

See http://godoc.org/github.com/soniah/gosnmp or your local go doc server for full documentation, as well as the examples.

cd $GOPATH
godoc -http=:6060 &
$preferred_browser http://localhost:6060/pkg &

Usage

Here is code from examples/example.go, demonstrating how to use GoSNMP:

// Default is a pointer to a GoSNMP struct that contains sensible defaults
// eg port 161, community public, etc
g.Default.Target = "192.168.1.10"
err := g.Default.Connect()
if err != nil {
    log.Fatalf("Connect() err: %v", err)
}
defer g.Default.Conn.Close()

oids := []string{"1.3.6.1.2.1.1.4.0", "1.3.6.1.2.1.1.7.0"}
result, err2 := g.Default.Get(oids) // Get() accepts up to g.MAX_OIDS
if err2 != nil {
    log.Fatalf("Get() err: %v", err2)
}

for i, variable := range result.Variables {
    fmt.Printf("%d: oid: %s ", i, variable.Name)

    // the Value of each variable returned by Get() implements
    // interface{}. You could do a type switch...
    switch variable.Type {
    case g.OctetString:
        bytes := variable.Value.([]byte)
        fmt.Printf("string: %s\n", string(bytes))
    default:
        // ... or often you're just interested in numeric values.
        // ToBigInt() will return the Value as a BigInt, for plugging
        // into your calculations.
        fmt.Printf("number: %d\n", g.ToBigInt(variable.Value))
    }
}

Running this example gives the following output (from my printer):

% go run example.go
0: oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.4.0 string: Administrator
1: oid: 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.7.0 number: 104

examples/example2.go is similar to example.go, however is uses a custom &GoSNMP rather than g.Default.

examples/walkexample.go demonstrates using BulkWalk.

examples/example3.go demonstrates SNMPv3

examples/trapserver.go demonstrates writing an SNMP v2c trap server

Bugs

Rane's document SNMP: Simple? Network Management Protocol was useful for me when learning the SNMP protocol.

Please create an issue on Github with packet captures (upload capture to Google Drive, Dropbox, or similar) containing samples of missing BER types, or of any other bugs you find. If possible, please include 2 or 3 examples of the missing/faulty BER type.

The following BER types have been implemented:

• 0x02 Integer
• 0x04 OctetString
• 0x06 ObjectIdentifier
• 0x40 IPAddress (IPv4 & IPv6)
• 0x41 Counter32
• 0x42 Gauge32
• 0x43 TimeTicks
• 0x44 Opaque (Float & Double)
• 0x46 Counter64
• 0x47 Uinteger32
• 0x80 NoSuchObject
• 0x81 NoSuchInstance
• 0x82 EndOfMibView

The following (less common) BER types haven't been implemented, as I ran out of time or haven't been able to find example devices to query:

• 0x00 EndOfContents
• 0x01 Boolean
• 0x03 BitString
• 0x07 ObjectDescription
• 0x45 NsapAddress

Packet Captures

Create your packet captures in the following way:

Expected output, obtained via an snmp command. For example:

% snmpget -On -v2c -c public 203.50.251.17 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.7.0 \
  1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2.6 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.5.3
.1.3.6.1.2.1.1.7.0 = INTEGER: 78
.1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2.6 = STRING: GigabitEthernet0
.1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.5.3 = Gauge32: 4294967295

A packet capture, obtained while running the snmpget. For example:

sudo tcpdump -s 0 -i eth0 -w foo.pcap host 203.50.251.17 and port 161

Running the Tests

Tests are grouped as follows:

• Unit tests (validating data packing and marshalling):
  • marshal_test.go
  • misc_test.go
• Public API consistency tests:
  • gosnmp_api_test.go
• End-to-end integration tests:
  • generic_e2e_test.go

The generic end-to-end integration test generic_e2e_test.go should work against any SNMP MIB-2 compliant host (e.g. a router, NAS box, printer). To use, set the environment variables GOSNMP_TARGET & GOSNMP_PORT, for example:

export GOSNMP_TARGET=1.2.3.4
export GOSNMP_PORT=161

To profile cpu usage:

go test -cpuprofile cpu.out
go test -c
go tool pprof gosnmp.test cpu.out

To profile memory usage:

go test -memprofile mem.out
go test -c
go tool pprof gosnmp.test mem.out

To check test coverage:

go get github.com/axw/gocov/gocov
go get github.com/matm/gocov-html
gocov test github.com/soniah/gosnmp | gocov-html > gosnmp.html && firefox gosnmp.html &

License

Some parts of the code are borrowed by the Golang project (specifically some functions for unmarshaling BER responses), which are under the same terms and conditions as the Go language. The rest of the code is under a BSD license.

See the LICENSE file for more details.

The remaining code is Copyright 2012-2018 the GoSNMP Authors - see AUTHORS.md for a list of authors.