Watchdog for physical devices, such as routers, switches cameras etc
This is a simple watchdog system that I'm using on a remote location to ensure the router, wifi etc is always online and gets a power cycle reset if any device stops working.
To simplify things, I used a four channel relay board, but virtually any relays will do. An ATmega328 is used as a control chip, but a smaller one will do just fine as well, or an Arduino.
The idea is that a Raspberry PI is testing the functionality of the surrounding devices and toggles a pin for each device that is operating normally. If a pin isn't toggled within a certain period, the MPU power cycles the device by pulling the relay.
In my setup, the RPI pings the router and toggles channel 2. It also connects to an external site to check network connectivity. If it's lost, it represents channel 1, the fiber media converter. Channel 3 is the RPI itself and channel 4 is a camera.
If no watchdog reset signals are recieved at all from the RPI, the MPU performs a complete power cycle, by resetting the media converter, wait for a minute, then does the same for the router, waits a minute, resets the RPI and so on.