A development environnement on Windows

This is a howto for configuring the almost perfect development environment. It this howto we will integrate :Windows 10 pro, Docker for Windows, WSL, CygWin64, Msys2, X window server, Hyper V, CMDer and other. I created this because each times that I come on a new Windows machine, I past at least one week only to setup my environment.

Chocolatey

install Chococolatey

Run this in a administrator CMD.exe:

@"%SystemRoot%\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe" -NoProfile -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command "iex ((New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://chocolatey.org/install.ps1'))" && SET "PATH=%PATH%;%ALLUSERSPROFILE%\chocolatey\bin"

My list of Choco packages

Here a Chocolatey install command to install a full bunch ot tools:

cinst -y 7zip adobereader awscli awstools.powershell aztoolkit beyondcompare cccp chocolateygui classic-shell clojure cmake cmder cmdow cyberduck Cygwin dokanany fiddler4 flashplayerplugin gae.sdk gcloudsdk git glaryutilities-free google-hangouts-chrome GoogleChrome googledrive gradle grails groovy gsutil heroku-cli hg InputDirector jdk7 jdk8 jenkins jetbrainstoolbox keepass keepass-keepasshttp keepass-plugin-keeagent keepass-plugin-keeanywhere keepass-plugin-rdp kubernetes-cli lockhunter maven msys2 mysql.workbench netdrive nmap nodejs.install notepadplusplus.install openssh P4Merge packer peazip putty python2 python3 qemu-img rapidee ruby rufus server-jre skype sql-server-management-studio strawberryperl studio3t sysinternals tailblazer technicians-toolbox terraform vagrant vcxsrv velocity visualstudiocode vnc-viewer vscode-csharp vscode-csharpextensions vscode-docker vscode-markdownlint vscode-powershell windowsazurelibsfornet windowsazurepowershell windowsrepair winfsp winscp wireshark

*X on Windows: Cygwin, MinGW, Msys2, WSL)

Windows had many UNIX compatibility solution over the years: Microsoft POSIX subsystem (Windows NT and 2000), Microsoft Services for UNIX (SFU) (since Windows XP and 2003), AT&T Uwin, OpenNT/InteriX (acquired by Microsoft in 1999) and MKS Toolkit (MS-DOS, OS/2, Windows NT/95 and up) (was used by Microsoft for SFU before they acquired Interix). Today we have 3 major Open-Source solution : Cygwin, MinGW, Msys2. All the solution we have mentioned, do not permit to run directly *X binaries but permit to compile *X source code natively on Windows.

PTC MKS toolkit is still available, maintained and commercially supported. RedHat doesn't give commercial support for CygWin anymore.

Here come Microsoft WSL. WSL basically emulate Linux kernel in Windows. That permit to directly run Linux binaries in Windows and that without a VM. That mean that a Linux process with be a Windows process, so we don't have to reserve memory like in a VM to run Linux binaries.

CygWin

Msys2

Windows Subsystems for Linux (WSL, Windows bash.exe, Ubuntu for windows)

Prepare your system

Update, reboot, update ... reboot

Enable WSl and install Ubuntu

Enable WSl Windows feature. And a couple reboot after you a Linux your Windows (without a VM). Before the first run, update Ubuntu:

C:\> LxRun.exe  /uninstall /full /y
This will uninstall Ubuntu on Windows.
This will remove the Ubuntu environment as well as any modifications, new applications, and user data.
Uninstalling...

C:\>  LxRun.exe  /install /y
-- Beta feature --
This will install Ubuntu on Windows, distributed by Canonical
and licensed under its terms available here:
https://aka.ms/uowterms

Downloading from the Windows Store... 100%
Extracting filesystem, this will take a few minutes...
Installation successful!

The following is required only if didn't ask to set the default user. Or if you want to change the default user name.

C:\> LxRun.exe /setdefaultuser
Please create a default UNIX user account. The username does not need to match your Windows username.
For more information visit: https://aka.ms/wslusers
Enter new UNIX username: mikeb
Enter new UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: password updated successfully
Default UNIX user set to: mikeb

Now we can verify the version of Ubuntu on Windows.

C:\> %windir%\system32\bash.exe -c "lsb_release -a 2>&1|grep -v 'No LSB'"
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 16.04.2 LTS
Release:        16.04
Codename:       xenial

You can also upgrade directly in the Ubuntu prompt: sudo do-release-upgrade

You are now ready to go. Run bash :%windir%\system32\bash.exe ~ or

To run a command as administrator (user "root"), use "sudo <command>".
See "man sudo_root" for details.

mikeb@boutchAtouch:~$ sudo su -
[sudo] password for mikeb:
root@boutchAtouch:~# sed -i -- 's/^%sudo.*$/%sudo   ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL/' /etc/sudoers
root@boutchAtouch:~# ln -sv /mnt/* /
'/c' -> '/mnt/c'
'/d' -> '/mnt/d'
root@boutchAtouch:~# exit
mikeb@boutchAtouch:~$

Install Windows Insider Preview

sfc /scannow wsreset.exe I had run the Windows Update trouble shooter, which claimed to have fixed problems, and also manually deleted the C:$WINDOWS.~BT folder, and all folders and files in C:\WINDOWS\SoftwareDistribution\Download. I have now deferred updates. Windows repair..., Version 1703 (OS Build 15063.413)

Connect to a *X GUI : X window on Windows (X server)

*X system has no Remote desktop natively...

CygWIN

Install Xserver from a administrator CMD:

curl http://cygwin.com/setup-x86_64.exe > C:\tools\cygwin\setup-x86_64.exe
 c:\tools\cygwin\setup-x86_64.exe -q -R C:\tools\cygwin -c  GNOME Gnome KDE LXDE MATE X11 Xfce

Fix startxwin so it would work with WSL since he will connect in TCP not in UDP.

sed -i.bak 's/^serverargs=""/serverargs=" -- -listen tcp "/1; s/enable_xauth=1/enable_xauth=0/1' `which startxwin`

The previous command also disable Xauth. For Xauth support, you should copy ~/.Xauthority from your Cygwin's home dir to your WSL's home dir and leave enable_xauth to 1 in startxwin. You can do the same thing for startx. 'startx' start the Xserver in single Windows window. See Cygwin/X documentation

Start the the Xserver, from CygWIN bash:

startxwin &

VcXsrv

The best OSS Xserver Windows Native (compiled with Visual C++), if you don't whant to install Cygwin

MobaXterm

I have to mention it. Because it's a nice product but the free edition is limiting session.

Must have tools

Classic Shell

CMDer

CMDoW

Everywhere

RapidEE

SysInternals

Velocity

VNC viewer

Accessing files

Winscp

CyberDuck

NetDrive

Dokan

WinSshFS

CloudFS

WinFSP

sshFS-Win

nfsFS-Win

Docker

Docker for Windows

Docker Toolbox on Windows

docker-engine

Hyper-V

tricks

mlink /j

Windows

show version:

ver
winver

WSL