This repository contains a list of publicly available resources that might come in handy while performing NLP tasks for Classical Greek
This is the de facto best known / most popular Ancient Greek - English lexicon.
- https://archive.org/details/Lsj--LiddellScott
- https://github.com/gcelano/Thesaurus_Morphologicus_Linguae_Graecae (last commit: 2019-05-12)
- https://github.com/gcelano/LSJ_additions (last commit: 2018-11-06)
- https://github.com/gcelano/LSJ_GreekUnicode (last commit: 2022-09-22)
- https://github.com/gcelano/lexica (last commit: 2022-06-10)
- https://github.com/PerseusDL/lexica/ (last commit: 2022-08-19)
Comments on each below.
Plaintext LSJ - https://archive.org/details/Lsj--LiddellScott
- 12M gzip, 36M unpacked.
- A single txt file, plaintext version of Greek-English LSJ.
- There's also an html version but it's essentially the same txt file within a single
<pre></pre>
block. - Unicode, not Betacode.
- Easy to separate definitions (divided by a series of "*")
- No out-of-the-box way of parsing within a definition.
- Some entries contain extra chars such as '-', e.g.
ἀγαθο-γονία
Snippet
************************************************************
ἀβᾰθής, ές, (βάθος) not deep, φάλαγξ Arr.Tact.5.6; in
single rank, ἡ ἐφ’ ἑνὸς ἀ. τάξις ib.17.5, ἕλκεα
Aret.SA1.9, Gal.11.127.
2. Geom., without depth, ἐπιφάνεια S.E.P.3.43, cf.
Simp.in Ph.572.25.
************************************************************
ἄβαθρος, ον, without foundation, Cyr.
Perseus LSJ - https://github.com/gcelano/lexica (last commit: 2022-06-10)
- Perseus export of LSJ.
- XML. Well structured.
- Betacode.
- 40M zip-compressed, 345M unpacked.
Snippet
<entryFree id="n92041"
key="r(abdouxe/w"
type="main"
opt="n"
TEIform="entryFree">
<orth extent="full" lang="greek" opt="n" TEIform="orth">r(abdoux-e/w</orth>,
<sense id="n92041.0" n="A" level="1" opt="n" TEIform="sense">
<tr opt="n" TEIform="tr">to be a</tr>
<foreign lang="greek" TEIform="foreign">r(abdou=xos</foreign>, <tr opt="n" TEIform="tr">carry a rod</tr> or <tr
opt="n" TEIform="tr">wand</tr>, esp. as a badge
<pb n="1563" TEIform="pb"/>
of office,
<bibl default="NO" TEIform="bibl">
<author TEIform="author">Hippias Erythr.</author>
</bibl>
ap.
<bibl n="urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0008.tlg001.perseus-grc1:6:259d"
default="NO"
TEIform="bibl">
<author TEIform="author">Ath.</author>
<biblScope TEIform="biblScope">6.259d</biblScope>
</bibl>
; of the Roman lictors, <tr opt="n" TEIform="tr">bear the fasces</tr>,
<bibl n="urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0385.tlg001:48:43"
default="NO"
TEIform="bibl">
<author TEIform="author">D.C.</author>
<biblScope TEIform="biblScope">48.43</biblScope>
</bibl>
:—
<gramGrp opt="n" TEIform="gramGrp">
<gram type="voice" opt="n" TEIform="gram">Pass.</gram>
</gramGrp>
, <tr opt="n" TEIform="tr">have the fasces borne before one</tr>,
<bibl n="urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0007.tlg005:10" default="NO" TEIform="bibl">
<author TEIform="author">Plu.</author>
<title TEIform="title">Num.</title>
<biblScope TEIform="biblScope">10</biblScope>
</bibl>
.
</sense>
</entryFree>
Unicode Perseus LSJ - https://github.com/gcelano/LSJ_GreekUnicode (last commit: 2022-09-22)
- ^, but converted to Unicode.
- 26M zip-compressed, 228M unpacked.
Snippet
<entryFree id="n92041" key="ῥαβδουχέω" type="main" opt="n" TEIform="entryFree">
<orth extent="full" lang="greek" opt="n" TEIform="orth">ῥαβδουχ-έω</orth>,
<sense id="n92041.0" n="A" level="1" opt="n" TEIform="sense">
<tr opt="n" TEIform="tr">to be a</tr>
<foreign lang="greek" TEIform="foreign">ῥαβδοῦχος</foreign>,<tr opt="n" TEIform="tr">carry a rod</tr>or<tr
opt="n" TEIform="tr">wand</tr>, esp. as a badge<pb n="1563" TEIform="pb"/>of office,
<bibl default="NO" TEIform="bibl">
<author TEIform="author">Hippias Erythr.</author>
</bibl>
ap.
<bibl n="urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0008.tlg001.perseus-grc1:6:259d" default="NO" TEIform="bibl">
<author TEIform="author">Ath.</author>
<biblScope TEIform="biblScope">6.259d</biblScope>
</bibl>
; of the Roman lictors,<tr opt="n" TEIform="tr">bear the fasces</tr>,
<bibl n="urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0385.tlg001:48:43" default="NO" TEIform="bibl">
<author TEIform="author">D.C.</author>
<biblScope TEIform="biblScope">48.43</biblScope>
</bibl>
:—
<gramGrp opt="n" TEIform="gramGrp">
<gram type="voice" opt="n" TEIform="gram">Pass.</gram>
</gramGrp>
,<tr opt="n" TEIform="tr">have the fasces borne before one</tr>,
<bibl n="urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0007.tlg005:10" default="NO" TEIform="bibl">
<author TEIform="author">Plu.</author>
<title TEIform="title">Num.</title>
<biblScope TEIform="biblScope">10</biblScope>
</bibl>
.
</sense>
</entryFree>
Unicode Perseus LSJ + 2 extra tags - https://github.com/gcelano/LSJ_additions (last commit: 2018-11-06)
-
27M zip-compressed, 233M unpacked.
-
The extra tags are:
- key2 = value of @key without U+0308 U+0304 U+0306,
- key3 = value of @key without accents
Snippet
<entryFree key2="ῥαβδουχέω" key3="ραβδουχεω" id="n92041" key="ῥαβδουχέω" type="main" opt="n" TEIform="entryFree">
<orth extent="full" lang="greek" opt="n" TEIform="orth">ῥαβδουχ-έω</orth>,
<sense id="n92041.0" n="A" level="1" opt="n" TEIform="sense">
<tr opt="n" TEIform="tr">to be a</tr>
<foreign lang="greek" TEIform="foreign">ῥαβδοῦχος</foreign>,<tr opt="n" TEIform="tr">carry a rod</tr>or<tr
opt="n" TEIform="tr">wand</tr>, esp. as a badge<pb n="1563" TEIform="pb"/>of office,
<bibl default="NO" TEIform="bibl">
<author TEIform="author">Hippias Erythr.</author>
</bibl>
ap.
<bibl n="urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0008.tlg001.perseus-grc1:6:259d" default="NO" TEIform="bibl">
<author TEIform="author">Ath.</author>
<biblScope TEIform="biblScope">6.259d</biblScope>
</bibl>
; of the Roman lictors,<tr opt="n" TEIform="tr">bear the fasces</tr>,
<bibl n="urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0385.tlg001:48:43" default="NO" TEIform="bibl">
<author TEIform="author">D.C.</author>
<biblScope TEIform="biblScope">48.43</biblScope>
</bibl>
:—
<gramGrp opt="n" TEIform="gramGrp">
<gram type="voice" opt="n" TEIform="gram">Pass.</gram>
</gramGrp>
,<tr opt="n" TEIform="tr">have the fasces borne before one</tr>,
<bibl n="urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0007.tlg005:10" default="NO" TEIform="bibl">
<author TEIform="author">Plu.</author>
<title TEIform="title">Num.</title>
<biblScope TEIform="biblScope">10</biblScope>
</bibl>
.
</sense>
</entryFree>
Morphological forms of nouns + adjectives extracted from LSJ - https://github.com/gcelano/Thesaurus_Morphologicus_Linguae_Graecae (last commit: 2019-05-12)
- xml format, easy to parse
- contains nouns (decl. I and II) and adjectives (I and II) only
- 732K zip-compressed, 5.6M unpacked.
Snippet (adj)
<l id="n73673" key="ὁμοιόσημος" key2="ὁμοιόσημος" cls="1" bse="ὁμοιοσημ" end="ος_ον"/>
<l id="n73675" key="ὁμοιόσκευος" key2="ὁμοιόσκευος" cls="1" bse="ὁμοιοσκευ" end="ος_ον"/>
Snippet (nouns decl. I)
<l id="n164" key="ἁβροβάτης" key2="ἁβροβάτης" gnt="ου" gnd="ὁ" dcl="1" bse="ἁβροβατ" end="ης"/>
<l id="n169" key="ἁβροδίαιτα" key2="ἁβροδίαιτα" gnt="ας" gnd="ἡ" dcl="1" bse="ἁβροδιαιτ" end="α"/>
Snippet (nouns decl. II)
<l id="n397" key="ἄγγελος" key2="ἄγγελος" gnt="ου" gnd="ὁ" dcl="2" bse="ἀγγελ" end="ος"/>
<l id="n410" key="ἄγεθλον" key2="ἄγεθλον" gnt="ου" gnd="τό" dcl="2" bse="ἀγεθλ" end="ον"/>
<l id="n442" key="ἀγελητρόφος" key2="ἀγελητρόφος" gnt="ου" gnd="ὁ" dcl="2" bse="ἀγελητροφ" end="ος"/>
Perseus DL - https://github.com/PerseusDL/lexica/ (last commit: 2022-08-19)
Perseus Digital Library comprises various Greek and Latin digital resources. More details: https://github.com/PerseusDL/lexica/wiki The resources are distributed across two places:
- https://github.com/PerseusDL/lexica (last commit: 2022-08-19) - which contains the LSJ (1940) lexicon of LSJ
- Betacode
- Perseus format (XML)
- 271M
- http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/opensource/download - contains all materials referred to in the lexica
Snippet
<entryFree id="n92041"
key="r(abdouxe/w"
type="main"
opt="n"
TEIform="entryFree">
<orth extent="full" lang="greek" opt="n" TEIform="orth">r(abdoux-e/w</orth>,
<sense id="n92041.0" n="A" level="1" opt="n" TEIform="sense">
<tr opt="n" TEIform="tr">to be a</tr>
<foreign lang="greek" TEIform="foreign">r(abdou=xos</foreign>, <tr opt="n" TEIform="tr">carry a rod</tr> or <tr
opt="n" TEIform="tr">wand</tr>, esp. as a badge
<pb n="1563" TEIform="pb"/>
of office,
<bibl default="NO" TEIform="bibl">
<author TEIform="author">Hippias Erythr.</author>
</bibl>
ap.
<bibl n="urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0008.tlg001.perseus-grc1:6:259d"
default="NO"
TEIform="bibl">
<author TEIform="author">Ath.</author>
<biblScope TEIform="biblScope">6.259d</biblScope>
</bibl>
; of the Roman lictors, <tr opt="n" TEIform="tr">bear the fasces</tr>,
<bibl n="urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0385.tlg001:48:43"
default="NO"
TEIform="bibl">
<author TEIform="author">D.C.</author>
<biblScope TEIform="biblScope">48.43</biblScope>
</bibl>
:—
<gramGrp opt="n" TEIform="gramGrp">
<gram type="voice" opt="n" TEIform="gram">Pass.</gram>
</gramGrp>
, <tr opt="n" TEIform="tr">have the fasces borne before one</tr>,
<bibl n="urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0007.tlg005:10" default="NO" TEIform="bibl">
<author TEIform="author">Plu.</author>
<title TEIform="title">Num.</title>
<biblScope TEIform="biblScope">10</biblScope>
</bibl>
.
</sense>
</entryFree>
Betacode is a romanized way of representing Greek texts (e.g. ὠμόβυρσος
-> w)mo/bursos
) (wikipedia).
There's a bunch of tools allowing for working with this format and converting it to Unicode.
More reading:
- The process poses a range of problems which were listed in PerseusDL/tei-conversion-tools .
- Should I use TLG betacode or Unicode for polytonic classical Greek in my electronic publications?
- https://apps.perseids.org/beta-code/ bidirectional, paste from/to clipboard style
- https://www.translatum.gr/converter/beta-code.htm bidirectional, paste from/to clipboard style
- https://cental.uclouvain.be/beta2uni/ Betacode -> Unicode converter, accepts txt files
- https://github.com/jtauber/greek-utils (last commit: 2022-07-07) Allows for Betacode -> Unicode conversion
- https://github.com/matgrioni/betacode (last commit: 2022-10-05) Bidirectional conversions