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openlispnet's Introduction

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OpenLisp.NET v0.0.5-alpha (c) The Wizard & The Wyrd, LLC

rev: November 17, 2023

Vision

OpenLisp.NET is envisioned to be a multi-purpose, high performance Lisp useful for high performance scripting in a .NET world.

OpenLisp Machine

"Create a modern portable LISP Machine using commodity hardware and OpenList.NET."

The goal of OpenLisp.NET is to form the basis of an OpenLisp.NET EMACS-like environment as the primary shell of an operating system created on CosmosOS (https://github.com/CosmosOS/Cosmos). The target hardware for this project includes, as primary build targets, an NetDuino and RaspberryPI, and other tiny devices. Amongst these devices, we will support virtual machines with the goal of creating a portable OpenLisp.NET operating system.

Portable Lisp as a Library

"Drop in a high performance Lisp as a NuGet Package"

This is fairly straight forward. We want Lisp-with-REPL-as-package that is trivial to extend, and fun to hack on. Imagine being able to have homiconic datastructures and abstractions in domains where AI is starting to come of age:

  • Game Engines
  • Web Services
  • Expert Systems
  • Machine Learning

All of these domains, and more, benefit from the wild-eyed promises of Lisp for Artificial Intelligence.

Powerful Native Libraries

"Portable Lisp as a Library capable of emitting .NET assemblies"

It sure would be nice to finish the AST and assembly emitter. Take well-known Lisp functions that have become part of your standard library, and emit them as .NET assemblies usable by any .NET language and run-time.

Summary

OpenLisp.NET aims to be compatible with the Common Lisp standard library while providing first class for .NET objects. OpenLisp.NET is a tiny Clojure-like LISP written in C# and targeting the .NET platform; meaning: OpenLisp.NET will use Software Transactional Memory and have first class support for actor based concurrency and immutable collections. The OpenLisp.Core library contains all datatypes, interfaces, classes, utility functions to parse OpenLisp S-Expressions.

Sample Code

$ mono OpenLisp.Repl.exe
user> (list? (skip-list 1 2 3))
true
user>

user> (skip-list 1 2 "a" 3 "dd")
(2 "dd" "a" 1 3)
user>

user> (docstring "a")
("OpenLispVal is the abstract base type of all OpenLisp values.")

user> (docstring 1)
("OpenLispVal is the abstract base type of all OpenLisp values.")

user> (docstring (+ 1 1))
("OpenLispVal is the abstract base type of all OpenLisp values.")

user> (docstring (- 1 1 1 1 1))
("OpenLispVal is the abstract base type of all OpenLisp values.")

user> ((- 1 1 1 1 1))
Error: Unable to cast object of type 'OpenLisp.Core.DataTypes.OpenLispInt' to type 'OpenLisp.Core.DataTypes.OpenLispFunc'.
   at OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses.Repl.Eval(OpenLispVal originalAbstractSyntaxTree, Env environment) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\StaticClasses\Repl.cs:line 316
   at OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses.Repl.<>c__DisplayClass16_0.<ReplMain>b__0(String str) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\StaticClasses\Repl.cs:line 353
   at OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses.Repl.ReplMain(String[] arguments) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\StaticClasses\Repl.cs:line 484

user> (- 1 1 1 1 1)
-3

user> (skip-list (- 1 1 1 1 1))
(-3)

user> (skip-list (- 1 1 1 1 1) (+ 1 2 3 (* 2 3))))
(12 -3)

user> (type 1)
"OpenLisp.Core.DataTypes.OpenLispInt"

user> (type (docstring 1))
"OpenLisp.Core.DataTypes.OpenLispList"

user> (type docstring 1)
"OpenLisp.Core.DataTypes.OpenLispFunc"

user> (type docstring)
"OpenLisp.Core.DataTypes.OpenLispFunc"

user> (type (skip-list 1 1 1))
"OpenLisp.Core.DataTypes.Concurrent.OpenLispSkipList"

user> (docstring skip-list)
()
user> (docstring (skip-list(1))
Error: expected ')', got EOF
   at OpenLisp.Core.Reader.ReadList(TokensReader reader, OpenLispList openLispList, Char start, Char end) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\Reader.cs:line 160
   at OpenLisp.Core.Reader.ReadForm(TokensReader reader) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\Reader.cs:line 226
   at OpenLisp.Core.Reader.ReadStr(String tokens) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\Reader.cs:line 244
   at OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses.Repl.Read(String str) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\StaticClasses\Repl.cs:line 37
   at OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses.Repl.<>c__DisplayClass16_0.<ReplMain>b__0(String str) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\StaticClasses\Repl.cs:line 353
   at OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses.Repl.ReplMain(String[] arguments) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\StaticClasses\Repl.cs:line 484
user>

user> (docstring skip-list)
()

user> (docstring (skip-list 1 1 1))
("OpenLispSkipList implements a thread-safe skip-list that averages O(log(n))... usually.")
user>

user> (docstring skip-list)
()

user> (docstring (skip-list 1  1 1   1 ))
()

user> (m/type ())
"OpenLisp.Core.DataTypes.OpenLispList"

wizard> (m/prompt "lol")
"lol"

lol> (+ 1 1 1 )
3

lol> (m/prompt/d)
"wizard"
wizard>

wizard> (* 1 2 3)
6

wizard> (/ 30 2 7)
2

wizard> (/ 30.0 2.0 7.0)
Error: unrecognized '30.0'
   at OpenLisp.Core.Reader.ReadAtom(TokensReader reader) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\Reader.cs:line 119
   at OpenLisp.Core.Reader.ReadForm(TokensReader reader) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\Reader.cs:line 232
   at OpenLisp.Core.Reader.ReadList(TokensReader reader, OpenLispList openLispList, Char start, Char end) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\Reader.cs:line 155
   at OpenLisp.Core.Reader.ReadForm(TokensReader reader) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\Reader.cs:line 226
   at OpenLisp.Core.Reader.ReadStr(String tokens) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\Reader.cs:line 244
   at OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses.Repl.Read(String str) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\StaticClasses\Repl.cs:line 59
   at OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses.Repl.<>c__DisplayClass21_0.<ReplMain>b__0(String str) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\StaticClasses\Repl.cs:line 375
   at OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses.Repl.ReplMain(String[] arguments) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\StaticClasses\Repl.cs:line 507
wizard> 

wizard> (hash-map 1 1)
Error: Unable to cast object of type 'OpenLisp.Core.DataTypes.OpenLispInt' to type 'OpenLisp.Core.DataTypes.OpenLispString'.
   at OpenLisp.Core.DataTypes.OpenLispHashMap.AssocBang(OpenLispList listValue) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\DataTypes\OpenLispHashMap.cs:line 124
   at OpenLisp.Core.DataTypes.OpenLispHashMap..ctor(OpenLispList listValue) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\DataTypes\OpenLispHashMap.cs:line 82
   at OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses.CoreNameSpace.<>c.<get_Ns>b__9_12(OpenLispList x) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\StaticClasses\CoreNameSpace.cs:line 191
   at OpenLisp.Core.DataTypes.OpenLispFunc.Apply(OpenLispList args) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\DataTypes\OpenLispFunc.cs:line 135
   at OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses.Repl.Eval(OpenLispVal originalAbstractSyntaxTree, Env environment) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\StaticClasses\Repl.cs:line 347
   at OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses.Repl.<>c__DisplayClass21_0.<ReplMain>b__0(String str) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\StaticClasses\Repl.cs:line 375
   at OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses.Repl.ReplMain(String[] arguments) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\StaticClasses\Repl.cs:line 507

wizard> (skip-list 1 (+ 1 1 1 1 1 1))
(6 1)

wizard> (skip-list (+ 1 1 1 1 1 1) 1)
(1 6)

wizard> (hash-map )
{}

wizard> (hash-map nil nil)
Error: Unable to cast object of type 'OpenLisp.Core.DataTypes.OpenLispConstant' to type 'OpenLisp.Core.DataTypes.OpenLispString'.
   at OpenLisp.Core.DataTypes.OpenLispHashMap.AssocBang(OpenLispList listValue) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\DataTypes\OpenLispHashMap.cs:line 128
   at OpenLisp.Core.DataTypes.OpenLispHashMap..ctor(OpenLispList listValue) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\DataTypes\OpenLispHashMap.cs:line 83
   at OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses.CoreNameSpace.<>c.<get_Ns>b__9_12(OpenLispList x) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\StaticClasses\CoreNameSpace.cs:line 191
   at OpenLisp.Core.DataTypes.OpenLispFunc.Apply(OpenLispList args) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\DataTypes\OpenLispFunc.cs:line 135
   at OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses.Repl.Eval(OpenLispVal originalAbstractSyntaxTree, Env environment) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\StaticClasses\Repl.cs:line 347
   at OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses.Repl.<>c__DisplayClass21_0.<ReplMain>b__0(String str) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\StaticClasses\Repl.cs:line 375
   at OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses.Repl.ReplMain(String[] arguments) in C:\src\dotnet\OpenLispNET\OpenLisp.Core\StaticClasses\Repl.cs:line 507

wizard> (hash-map "nil" nil)
{"nil" nil}

wizard> (hash-map "nil" nil "nil" "lol")
{"nil" "lol"}

Why another LISP?

A valid question! OpenLisp.NET is primarily an internal research project with the aims of writing a blazingly fast LISP in managed code targeting .NET/CoreCLR. Should the research prove fruitful, OpenLisp.NET may be used as an internal scripting language, or as a standalone language. Eventually, OpenLisp.NET should be able to emit IL assemblies.

Language Extensibiity

The OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses contain two partial static classes that are the extension points for the OpenLisp.NET language:

* public static partial class OpenLispSymbols
Contains public static readonly string literals like @"nil?", etc. 

* public static partial class CoreNameSpace
public static IDictionary<string, OpenLispVal> Ns contains keys matching the OpenLispSymbols whose values
are static methods inheriting from the OpenLispVal class; i.e.,

        {"nil?",        ScalarFuncs.NilQ},
        {"true?",       ScalarFuncs.TrueQ},
        {"false?",      ScalarFuncs.FalseQ},
        {"symbol",      ScalarFuncs.Symbol},
        {"symbol?",     ScalarFuncs.SymbolQ},
        {"keyword",     ScalarFuncs.Keyword},
        {"keyword?",    ScalarFuncs.KeywordQ},

This dictionary acts like a function lookup table.  Language extensions will have to add new key/value pairs
so that the Ast can be parsed and walked to invoke methods.

Here is an example from the ScalarFuncs static class:

		using OpenLisp.Core.DataTypes;

		namespace OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses.Funcs
		{
			public class ScalarFuncs
			{
				public static OpenLispFunc NilQ = new OpenLispFunc(x => x[0] 
					== StaticOpenLispTypes.Nil 
					? StaticOpenLispTypes.True 
					: StaticOpenLispTypes.False);
					
			// snipped for brevity
			}
		}
		
The usual pattern is to assign a new keyword's static method to a new OpenLispFunc, etc.

Opening this namespace and these classes in 3rd party assemblies allows for language additions. TODO: provide an easy method for dynamically loading assemblies via reflection without needing to recompile the REPL

Planned Extensions

An intersting field of development is Software-Defined Networking. Giving the power of a Lisp, creating a SDN Language Extension via a new assembly should prove interesting; in particular, we will be implementing the standard SDN architecture at:

System Components

TODO: Add architecture diagrams.

IoC Logic (revisit this)

Clients are constructed by ClientProviders. Services are constructed by ServiceProviders. Contracts are constructed by ContractProviders. ClientProviders are constructed by Injectors that provide Contracts that are agreed upon between Client and ServiceProvider. ServiceProviders are constructed by Injectors that provie Contracts that are agreed upon between ServiceProvider and Client. ContractProviders are constructed by Injectors and provided to Clients and Services. Clients and Services communicate via ServiceBuses constructed by Injectors.

Any References?

Please read the following items:

Current Requirements

  • .NET 4.5+
  • .NET 3.5 for Cosmos
  • Roslyn
  • Visual Studio 2015

Known Issues

  • Cosmos is having trouble building the Kernel on Windows 8.1, and complains about a call to native code with a missing plug: 2> Error: Exception: System.Exception: Native code encountered, plug required. Please see https://github.com/CosmosOS/Cosmos/wiki/Plugs). System.String System.Exception.StripFileInfo(System.String, System.Boolean). 2> Called from : 2> System.Exception::System.String GetStackTrace(Boolean) 2> System.Exception::System.String get_StackTrace() 2> OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses.Repl::Void ReplMain(System.String[]) 2> OpenLisp.Machine.Kernel.Kernel::Void Run() 2> Cosmos.System.Kernel::Void Run() 2> at Cosmos.IL2CPU.ILScanner.ScanMethod(MethodBase aMethod, Boolean aIsPlug, String sourceItem) in c:\Data\Sources\OpenSource\Cosmos\source\Cosmos.IL2CPU\ILScanner.cs:line 525 2> at Cosmos.IL2CPU.ILScanner.ScanQueue() in c:\Data\Sources\OpenSource\Cosmos\source\Cosmos.IL2CPU\ILScanner.cs:line 670 2> at Cosmos.IL2CPU.ILScanner.Execute(MethodBase aStartMethod) in c:\Data\Sources\OpenSource\Cosmos\source\Cosmos.IL2CPU\ILScanner.cs:line 255 2> at Cosmos.IL2CPU.CompilerEngine.Execute() in c:\Data\Sources\OpenSource\Cosmos\source\Cosmos.IL2CPU\CompilerEngine.cs:line 238

    A conditional NOSTACKTRACE compilation flag has been added to prevent stack traces in the OpenLisp.Machine OS.

  • Cosmos does not support threading via native threads since threading must be implemented by the OS developer: 5> Error: Exception: System.Exception: Native code encountered, plug required. Please see https://github.com/CosmosOS/Cosmos/wiki/Plugs). System.Threading.Thread System.Threading.Thread.GetCurrentThreadNative(). 5> Called from : 5> System.Threading.Thread::System.Threading.Thread get_CurrentThread() 5> OpenLisp.Terminal.LineEditor::System.String Edit(System.String, System.String) 5> OpenLisp.Core.ReadLine::System.String LineReader(System.String) 5> OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses.Repl::Void ReplMain(System.String[]) 5> OpenLisp.Machine.Kernel.Kernel::Void Run() 5> Cosmos.System.Kernel::Void Run() 5> at Cosmos.IL2CPU.ILScanner.ScanMethod(MethodBase aMethod, Boolean aIsPlug, String sourceItem) in c:\Data\Sources\OpenSource\Cosmos\source\Cosmos.IL2CPU\ILScanner.cs:line 525 5> at Cosmos.IL2CPU.ILScanner.ScanQueue() in c:\Data\Sources\OpenSource\Cosmos\source\Cosmos.IL2CPU\ILScanner.cs:line 670 5> at Cosmos.IL2CPU.ILScanner.Execute(MethodBase aStartMethod) in c:\Data\Sources\OpenSource\Cosmos\source\Cosmos.IL2CPU\ILScanner.cs:line 255 5> at Cosmos.IL2CPU.CompilerEngine.Execute() in c:\Data\Sources\OpenSource\Cosmos\source\Cosmos.IL2CPU\CompilerEngine.cs:line 238

    A conditional NONATIVETHREADS compilation flag has been added to wrap native thread calls in the OpenLisp.Machine OS.

  • Cosmos has problems with the Type object's calls to native code, and requires a plug: 6> Error: Exception: System.Exception: Native code encountered, plug required. Please see https://github.com/CosmosOS/Cosmos/wiki/Plugs). System.Boolean System.Type.op_Inequality(System.Type, System.Type). 6> Called from : 6> OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses.StaticOpenLispTypes::Boolean OpenLispEqualQ(OpenLisp.Core.AbstractClasses.OpenLispVal, OpenLisp.Core.AbstractClasses.OpenLispVal) 6> OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses.CoreNameSpace+<>c::OpenLisp.Core.AbstractClasses.OpenLispVal <.cctor>b__1_0(OpenLisp.Core.DataTypes.OpenLispList) 6> OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses.CoreNameSpace::Void .cctor() 6> OpenLisp.Core.StaticClasses.CoreNameSpace 6> at Cosmos.IL2CPU.ILScanner.ScanMethod(MethodBase aMethod, Boolean aIsPlug, String sourceItem) in c:\Data\Sources\OpenSource\Cosmos\source\Cosmos.IL2CPU\ILScanner.cs:line 525 6> at Cosmos.IL2CPU.ILScanner.ScanQueue() in c:\Data\Sources\OpenSource\Cosmos\source\Cosmos.IL2CPU\ILScanner.cs:line 670 6> at Cosmos.IL2CPU.ILScanner.Execute(MethodBase aStartMethod) in c:\Data\Sources\OpenSource\Cosmos\source\Cosmos.IL2CPU\ILScanner.cs:line 255 6> at Cosmos.IL2CPU.CompilerEngine.Execute() in c:\Data\Sources\OpenSource\Cosmos\source\Cosmos.IL2CPU\CompilerEngine.cs:line 238

    A conditional NOTYPEEQUALITY compilation flag has been added to wrap native Type equality calls.

  • Cosmos doesn't implement the Mkrefany OpCode, and this OpCode is found in System.Reflection.Emit: 5> Error: Exception: System.NotImplementedException: OpCode 'Mkrefany' not implemented! Encountered in method System.Object CompareExchange[Object](System.Object ByRef, System.Object, System.Object) 5> at Cosmos.IL2CPU.ILOpCodes.OpType.GetNumberOfStackPops(MethodBase aMethod) in c:\Data\Sources\OpenSource\Cosmos\source\Cosmos.IL2CPU\ILOpCodes\OpType.cs:line 52 5> at Cosmos.IL2CPU.ILOpCode.InitStackAnalysis(MethodBase aMethod) in c:\Data\Sources\OpenSource\Cosmos\source\Cosmos.IL2CPU\ILOpCode.cs:line 296 5> at Cosmos.IL2CPU.ILReader.ProcessMethod(MethodBase aMethod) in c:\Data\Sources\OpenSource\Cosmos\source\Cosmos.IL2CPU\ILReader.cs:line 407 5> at Cosmos.IL2CPU.ILScanner.ScanMethod(MethodBase aMethod, Boolean aIsPlug, String sourceItem) in c:\Data\Sources\OpenSource\Cosmos\source\Cosmos.IL2CPU\ILScanner.cs:line 545 5> at Cosmos.IL2CPU.ILScanner.ScanQueue() in c:\Data\Sources\OpenSource\Cosmos\source\Cosmos.IL2CPU\ILScanner.cs:line 670 5> at Cosmos.IL2CPU.ILScanner.Execute(MethodBase aStartMethod) in c:\Data\Sources\OpenSource\Cosmos\source\Cosmos.IL2CPU\ILScanner.cs:line 255 5> at Cosmos.IL2CPU.CompilerEngine.Execute() in c:\Data\Sources\OpenSource\Cosmos\source\Cosmos.IL2CPU\CompilerEngine.cs:line 238

    The Cosmos Mkrefany throws a NotImplementedException(). The Mono project has an implementation of a Mkrefany test in ILASM:

    Here is Mono's Mkrefany implementation:

openlispnet's People

Contributors

wizardbeard avatar

Stargazers

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Watchers

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