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Cacti v1+ Docker Container

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Cacti System

Cacti is a complete network graphing solution designed to harness the power of RRDTool's data storage and graphing functionality. Cacti provides following features:

remote and local data collectors
network discovery
device management automation
graph templating
custom data acquisition methods
user, group and domain management
C3 level security settings for local accounts
- strong password hashing
- forced regular password changes, complexity, and history
- account lockout support

All of this is wrapped in an intuitive, easy to use interface that makes sense for both LAN-sized installations and complex networks with thousands of devices. Developed in the early 2000's by Ian Berry as a high school project, it has been used by thousands of companies and enthusiasts to monitor and manage their Networks and Data Centers. More information around this opensource product can be located at the following website.

Using this image

Running the container

This container contains Cacti v1+ and is not compatible with older version of cacti. It does rely on an external MySQL database that can be already configured before initial startup or having the container itself perform the setup and initialization. If you want this container to perform these steps for you, you will need to pass the root password for mysql login or startup will fail. This container automatically incorporates Cacti Spine's multithreaded poller.

Exposed Ports

The following ports are important and used by Cacti

Port	Notes
80	HTTP GUI Port
443	HTTPS GUI Port

It is recommended to allow at least one of the above ports for access to the monitoring system. This is translated by the -p hook. For example docker run -p 80:80 -p 443:443

HTTPS

By default https will work if exposed, though using a self signed certificate. To provide your own certificate replace via mounting the following files:

/etc/ssl/certs/cacti.key
/etc/ssl/certs/cacti.crt

Installation

Cacti Master

The main cacti poller settings, these are required for single cacti and multi cacti host installations.

Environment Variable	Function
DB_NAME	The MySQL database name, this is used for both cacti settings and spine poller configurations.
DB_USER	MySQL database user cacti should use. Both cacti and spine poller will share these settings.
DB_PASS	MySQL database password assigned to `DB_USER` Both cacti and spine poller will share these settings.
DB_HOST	The IP address, FQDN/hostname, or linked container name that cacti would use as a database.
DB_PORT	What TCP port is the MySQL database listening on, by default its 3306.
DB_ROOT_PASS	This is only needed if the `INITIALIZE_DB` is set to 1. This is required if you want the cacti container to setup remote MySQL user accounts and Databases for use.
INITIALIZE_DB	Can be `0` for false or `1` for true. If true the container will require `DB_ROOT_PASS` to the target database. The container will attempt to create usernames/passwords and Databases required on the remote system for Cacti to funtion.
TZ	TimeZone, please select a format Centos understands, a list can be generated by running `ls /usr/share/zoneinfo`.
BACKUP_RETENTION	Number of backup files to keep.
REMOTE_POLLER	Can be `0` for false (default) or `1` for true.
PHP_MEMORY_LIMIT	PHP memory limit adjust, by defaults its 128M
PHP_MAX_EXECUTION_TIME	PHP max execution time adjust, by defaults its 30 second
PHP_SNMP	If set to `0`, will remove PHP-SNMP, this is sometimes required for some scripts or snmpv3 to work properly. by defualt this php-snmp is enabled

Remote Cacti Pollers

Remote cacti poller containers require the following, the major differance here is the inclusion of RDB (remote database) variables which should be pointed at the master cacti installation settings.

Environment Variable	Function
DB_NAME	The MySQL database, this is used for both cacti settings and spine poller configurations.
DB_USER	MySQL database user cacti should use. Both cacti and spine poller will share these settings.
DB_PASS	MySQL database password assigned to `DB_USER` Both cacti and spine poller will share these settings.
DB_HOST	The IP address, FQDN/hostname, or linked container name that cacti would use as a database.
DB_PORT	What TCP port is the MySQL database listening on, by default its 3306.
CACTI_URL_PATH	Cacti URL, by default `cacti` is used. --> http://cacti_ip/cacti, Currently only allows root URL changes, i.e. `this/is/something` will not work. Only `this`
INITIALIZE_DB	Can be `0` for false or `1` for true. If true the container will require `DB_ROOT_PASS` to the target database. The container will attempt to create usernames/passwords and Databases required on the remote system for Cacti to funtion.
TZ	TimeZone, please select a format Centos understands, a list can be generated by running `ls /usr/share/zoneinfo`.
BACKUP_RETENTION	Number of backup files to keep
REMOTE_POLLER	Can be `0` for false (default) or `1` for true. If true the container is setup as a remote poller.
RDB_NAME	The master Cacti instance MySQL database name, this is used for both cacti settings and spine poller configurations.
RDB_USER	MySQL database user used by the master Cacti container should use.
RDB_PASS	MySQL database password assigned to `RDB_USER` that is used by the master Cacti container.
RDB_HOST	The IP address, FQDN/hostname, or linked container name that the master Cacti instance uses
RDB_PORT	What TCP port is the MySQL database listening on, by default its 3306.

Database Settings

The folks at Cacti.net recommend the following settings for its MySQL based database. Please understand depending on your systems resources and amount of devices your installation is monitoring these settings may need to change for optimal performance. I would recommend shooting any questions around these settings to the Cacti community forums.

MySQL Variable	Recommended Value	Notes
Version	>= 5.6	MySQL 5.6+ and MariaDB 10.0+ are great releases, and are very good versions to choose. Make sure you run the very latest release though which fixes a long standing low level networking issue that was casuing spine many issues with reliability.
collation_server	utf8mb4_unicode_ci	When using Cacti with languages other than English, it is important to use the utf8mb4_unicode_ci collation type as some characters take more than a single byte.
character_set_client	utf8mb4	When using Cacti with languages other than English, it is important ot use the utf8mb4 character set as some characters take more than a single byte.
max_connections	>= 100	Depending on the number of logins and use of spine data collector, MySQL will need many connections. The calculation for spine is: total_connections = total_processes * (total_threads + script_servers + 1), then you must leave headroom for user connections, which will change depending on the number of concurrent login accounts.
max_heap_table_size	>= 10% RAM	If using the Cacti Performance Booster and choosing a memory storage engine, you have to be careful to flush your Performance Booster buffer before the system runs out of memory table space. This is done two ways, first reducing the size of your output column to just the right size. This column is in the tables poller_output, and poller_output_boost. The second thing you can do is allocate more memory to memory tables. We have arbitrarily chosen a recommended value of 10% of system memory, but if you are using SSD disk drives, or have a smaller system, you may ignore this recommendation or choose a different storage engine. You may see the expected consumption of the Performance Booster tables under Console -> System Utilities -> View Boost Status.
max_allowed_packet	>= 16777216	With Remote polling capabilities, large amounts of data will be synced from the main server to the remote pollers. Therefore, keep this value at or above 16M.
tmp_table_size	>= 64M	When executing subqueries, having a larger temporary table size, keep those temporary tables in memory.
join_buffer_size	>= 64M	When performing joins, if they are below this size, they will be kept in memory and never written to a temporary file.
innodb_file_per_table	ON	When using InnoDB storage it is important to keep your table spaces separate. This makes managing the tables simpler for long time users of MySQL. If you are running with this currently off, you can migrate to the per file storage by enabling the feature, and then running an alter statement on all InnoDB tables.
innodb_file_format	Barracuda	When using innodb_file_per_table, it is important to set the innodb_file_format to Barracuda. This setting will allow longer indexes important for certain Cacti tables.
innodb_large_prefix	1	If your tables have very large indexes, you must operate with the Barracuda innodb_file_format and the innodb_large_prefix equal to 1. Failure to do this may result in plugins that can not properly create tables.
innodb_buffer_pool_size	>=25% RAM	InnoDB will hold as much tables and indexes in system memory as is possible. Therefore, you should make the innodb_buffer_pool large enough to hold as much of the tables and index in memory. Checking the size of the /var/lib/mysql/cacti directory will help in determining this value. We are recommending 25% of your systems total memory, but your requirements will vary depending on your systems size.
innodb_doublewrite	ON	This settings should remain ON unless your Cacti instances is running on either ZFS or FusionI/O which both have internal journaling to accomodate abrupt system crashes. However, if you have very good power, and your systems rarely go down and you have backups, turning this setting to OFF can net you almost a 50% increase in database performance.
innodb_lock_wait_timeout	>= 50	Rogue queries should not for the database to go offline to others. Kill these queries before they kill your system.
innodb_flush_log_at_timeout	>= 3	As of MariaDB 10.3.22-1:10.3.22+maria~bionic, the you can control how often MariaDB flushes transactions to disk. The default is 1 second, but in high I/O systems setting to a value greater than 1 can allow disk I/O to be more sequential
innodb_read_io_threads	>= 32	With modern SSD type storage, having multiple read io threads is advantageous for applications with high io characteristics.
innodb_write_io_threads	>= 16	With modern SSD type storage, having multiple write io threads is advantageous for applications with high io characteristics.
innodb_buffer_pool_instances	>= 9	MariaDB will divide the innodb_buffer_pool into memory regions to improve performance. The max value is 64. When your innodb_buffer_pool is less than 1GB, you should use the pool size divided by 128MB. Continue to use this equation upto the max of 64.
innodb_io_capacity	5000	If you have SSD disks, use this suggestion. If you have physical hard drives, use 200 * the number of active drives in the array. If using NVMe or PCIe Flash, much larger numbers as high as 100000 can be used.
innodb_io_capacity_max	10000	If you have SSD disks, use this suggestion. If you have physical hard drives, use 2000 * the number of active drives in the array. If using NVMe or PCIe Flash, much larger numbers as high as 200000 can be used.
memory_limit	>= 800M	A minimum of 800 MB memory limit
max_execution_time	>= 60	A minimum of 1 m execution time

Data Backups

Included is a backup script that will backup cacti (including settings/plugins), rrd files, and spine. This is accomplished by taking a complete copy of the root spine and cacti directory and performing a MySQL dump of the cacti database which stores all the settings and device information. To manually perform a backup, run the following exec commands:

docker exec <docker image ID or name> ./backup.sh

This will store compressed backups in a tar.gz format within the cacti docker container under /backups directory. Its recommended to map this directory using volumes so data is persistent. By default it only stores 7 most recent backups and will automatically delete older ones, to change this value update BACKUP_RETENTION environmental variable with the number of backups you wish to store.

Restore Backup

To restore from an existing backup, run the following docker exec command with the backup file location as an argument.

docker exec <docker image ID or name> ./restore.sh /backups/<filename>

To get a list of backups, the following command should display them:

docker exec <docker image ID or name> ls /backups

Updating Cacti

You can now update the Cacti/Spine version of this container using the included script. By default this will update to the latest version.

docker exec <docker image ID or name> ./upgrade.sh

If you want to specify a specific version please update the /upgrade.sh values.

#!/bin/bash
# script to upgrade a cacti instance to latest, if you want a specific version please update the following download links
cacti_download_url=http://www.cacti.net/downloads/cacti-latest.tar.gz
spine_download_url=http://www.cacti.net/downloads/spine/cacti-spine-latest.tar.gz

Docker Cacti Architecture

With the recent update to version 1+, Cacti has introduced the ability to have remote polling servers. This allows us to have one centrally located UI and information system while scaling out multiple datacenters or locations. Each instance, master or remote poller, requires its own MySQL based database. The pollers also have an addition requirement to access the Cacti master's database with read/write access.

Some docker-compose examples can be found in the following readme

Container Customization

There are a few customizations you can do if you are building the container locally. During the build process Plugins and Device Templates can be added to folders where at startup, scripts will import and install.

Device Templates

Dropping device templates in the /templates/ folder using the following structure:

├── templates
│   ├── template_name.xml
│   ├── resource
│   │   └── script_queries
│   │       └── ...
│   │   └── script_server
│   │       └── ...
│   │   └── snmp_queries
│   │       └── ...
│   ├── scripts
│   │   └── ...

At buld/first boot you will see some log messages that they were imported to the underlying Cacti system

2017-03-24_19:22 [New Install] Installing supporting template files.
2017-03-24_19:22 [New Install] Installing template file /templates/cacti_host_template_juniper_networks.xml

Plugins

To have plugins automatically loaded on boot, simply have the uncompressed plugin in the plugins folder within the main directory. Upon build/run, the startup script will automatically install them to the appropriate directory. Please understand that you will need to enable any plugins via Cacti GUI for them to become active.

To add plugins after the container is built, for example if pulling directly form dockerhub, mount the /cacti/plugins directory using docker volumes.

Settings

Settings can be passed through to cacti at initial install by placing the SQL changes in the form of filename.sql under the settings folder. start.sh will automatically merge all *.sql files during install. For example the folling is there to enable spine by default:

/settings/spine.sql

--
-- Enable spine poller from docker installation
--

REPLACE INTO `%DB_NAME%`.`settings` (`name`, `value`) VALUES('path_spine', '/spine/bin/spine');
REPLACE INTO `%DB_NAME%`.`settings` (`name`, `value`) VALUES('path_spine_config', '/spine/etc/spine.conf');
REPLACE INTO `%DB_NAME%`.`settings` (`name`, `value`) VALUES('poller_type', '2');

Change Log

1.2.17 - 05/11/2021

Update Cacti and Spine from 1.2.16 to 1.2.17
- changelog

1.2.16 - 12/27/2020

Update Cacti and Spine from 1.2.15 to 1.2.16
- changelog
zuka1337 added powertools to base dockerfile image via #82

1.2.15 - 11/05/2020

Update Cacti and Spine from 1.2.14 to 1.2.15
- changelog

1.2.14 - 08/15/2020

Close issue #73 - Add CACTI_URL_PATH; Thanks for the request xbolshe and help on apache configs.
Update Cacti and Spine from 1.2.11 to 1.2.14
- changelog

1.2.11a - 04/18/2020

Close issue #64 - FPM initialization failed; Thanks to kevburkett for bringing this one up and helping validate the fix
Close issue #65 - PHP-SNMP yum commands cause rpmdb error

1.2.11 - 04/17/2020

Update Docker container to use Centos8 over Centos7
Close issue #59 - errors with percona on compose single instance; Thank you miguelwill
- Update docker-comose examples with Mariadb:10.3 from older Percona version
Close issue #61 - spine directory and crontab empty after docker-compose down and restoring; Thank you kevburkett
- Update docker-compose with spine volume
Enable HTTPS functionality and self-sign certs when needed
Allow functionality to disable PHP-SNMP usagage via PHP_SNMP environment variable se
Manual patch on provisioning new remote pollers - Cacti/cacti#3459
Update Cacti and Spine from 1.2.8 to 1.2.11

1.2.8 - 12/11/2019

Update Cacti and Spine from 1.2.6 to 1.2.8
- changelog 1.2.7 -> 1.2.8
- changelog 1.2.6 -> 1.2.7

1.2.6a - 10/30/2019

Update start.sh to persist Apache Cacti configurations on restart. [#52] (#52)
Update docker-compose examples to use different type of volumes so docker-compose down will not affect data without the -v flag.

1.2.6 - 09/06/2019

Update Cacti and Spine from 1.2.0 to 1.2.6
- changelog
Removed 1.1.X changelog notes from README.md, this can be located in CHANGELOG.md
Close Issue #49 - New version of Spine don't have configure file
Close Issue #45 - Directories backup and backups mixed up; thank you shortbloke for PR #46
Merge PR #47 and PR #48 - Add modify PHP env; thank you joey741019

1.2.0 - 01/06/2019

Update Cacti and Spine from 1.1.38 to 1.2.0
- changelog
Add sendmail to dockerfile via yum due to cacti 1.2.0 requirements
Created separate changlog file for future documentation cleanup
Update PHP variable readme to include max_execution_time and memory_limit changes for 1.2.0
Add and Hotfix the PHP variable max_execution_time for PHP_MAX_EXECUTION_TIME and memory_limit for PHP_MEMORY_LIMIT

ToDo

Auto import remote pollers, currently you need to navigate to there GUI for a few clicks.
Documentation cleanup.

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