Python library for creating and writing modular layouts for e-paper screens
License: GNU General Public License v3.0
I'm a hacker, maker and mender of things. I love an interesting challenge and can't resist being nerd sniped.
See txoof/PaperPi#70
As it seems, the config parameter max_refresh (which is set to 30 in my case in paperpi.conf) is ignored. Every four changes there is a hard refresh. See this, the last refresh is done right before the video starts:
edit: video doesnt work, see gif at: https://imgur.com/a/6eoObdo
thank god its 2021, you can pause the gif, move forward, etc.
I am using a daemonized setup, defining max_refresh in /etc/default/paperpi.ini
# CONFIG_VERSION=1
[main]
# waveshare display type use HD for IT8951 displays
display_type = HD
# required vcom value for IT8951 screens
vcom = -2.13
# maximum refresh between total screen clear for HD displays
max_refresh = 30
is this intentional or did I do this wrong?
requirements needs to include omni-epd: git+https://github.com/robweber/omni-epd.git#egg=omni-epd
myLayout = {
'title': { # text only block
'image': None, # do not expect an image
'max_lines': 2, # number of lines of text
'width': 1, # 1/1 of the width - this stretches the entire width of the display
'height': 2/3, # 1/3 of the entire height
'abs_coordinates': (0, 0), # this block is the key block that all other blocks will be defined in terms of
'hcenter': True, # horizontally center text
'vcenter': True, # vertically center text
'relative': False, # this block is not relative to any other. It has an ABSOLUTE position (0, 0)
'font': './fonts/Font.ttc', # path to font file
'font_size': None # Calculate the font size because none was provided
},
'artist': {
'image': None,
'max_lines': 1,
'width': 1,
'height': 1/3,
'abs_coordinates': (0, None), # X = 0, Y will be calculated
'hcenter': True,
'vcenter': True,
'font': './fonts/Font.ttc',
'relative': ['artist', 'title'], # use the X postion from abs_coord from `artist` (this block: 0)
# calculate the y position based on the size of `title` block
}
}
Hello,
Would it be posiblle to add some small code, that with small modification could be used to test if any screen is functional?
Thanks.
currently only possible to hcenter and vcenter images.
Add option for halign = 'center', 'left', 'right' , 'etc.'
Lines 368 to 369 in b1cbb87
This will not, I think, give the expected result for 90 degrees, nor for -90.
Since supported rotation was checked earlier, I think this should just be:
image = image.rotate(self.rotation)
This may be resolved by the grayscale branch
Debugging info is a little extensive; might be nice to scale this back.
3 color screens throw errors when used with this code
Omni EPD looks more reliable than the WaveShare defaults
https://github.com/robweber/omni-epd
Does not yet support IT8951 based screens
When no IT8951 display is connected, the epdlib.Screen(epd='HD') hangs forever.
This is related to how the IT8951 module pulls info from the board.
IT8951/interface.py in update_system_info(self)
97 Get information about the system, and store it in class attributes
98 '''
---> 99 self.spi.write_cmd(Commands.GET_DEV_INFO)
100 data = self.spi.read_data(20)
101
create image block that accepts rectangles, circles, etc. to create borders.
possibly combine with text blocks and image blocks to create frames
With the following settings paperpi throws "unknown module HD" when no vcom is not set. This should indicate that there is a missing vcom setting rather than an unknown display type.
display_type = HD
vcom = 0
Class ImageBlock()
if max(im.size) > min(self.padded_area):
logging.debug(f'resizing image to fit area: {self.padded_area}')
# max_size = min(self.padded_area)
# resize = [max_size, max_size]
im.thumbnail(self.padded_area, Image.BICUBIC)
logging.debug(f'new image size: {im.size}')
Unclear what the issue is, but this does not appear to be working as expected and images are sometimes resized to a much smaller size..
Update requirements in setup and find a sane way pull in waveshare libraries
On Waveshare 6" (HD), I am using the default rotation of "0" (hence widescreen horizontal), all is good:
If I change the rotation to 90 (vertical, cable up !caution, with the 6" WS HD!) this happens:
my layout:
solar = {
'title' : {
'type': 'TextBlock',
'image': None,
'inverse': False,
'padding': 0,
'width': .75,
'height': .1,
'hcenter': False,
'vcenter': True,
'abs_coordinates': (0, 0),
# no need for calculations, just use x = 0 and y = 0
'relative': False,
'max_lines': 1,
'font': dir_path+'/../../fonts/Montserrat/Montserrat-SemiBold.ttf',
'mode': 'L'
},
'time': {
'type': 'TextBlock',
'image': None,
'padding': 0,
'width': .25,
'height': .1,
'hcenter': False,
'vcenter': True,
'align': 'right',
# calculate the X value and use 0 for the Y coordinate
'abs_coordinates': (None, 0),
# use the calculate the X coordinate based on the size of the 'title' block
# use the absolute Y value from the 'time' block
'relative': ['title', 'time'],
'max_lines': 1,
'mode': 'L',
'font': dir_path+'/../../fonts/Montserrat/Montserrat-SemiBold.ttf',
},
'daily_yield': {
'type': 'TextBlock',
# need 2 lines to make this work properly; text is a bit too long
# can you shorten the text?
'max_lines': 2,
'height': 0.22,
'width': 1,
'hcenter': False,
'vcenter': True,
'padding': 10,
# use 0 for the X coordinate and calculate the Y coordinate
'abs_coordinates': (0, None),
# use the absolute S value from 'daily_yield and calculate the Y based on 'title'
'relative': ['daily_yield', 'title'],
'mode': 'L',
'font': dir_path+'/../../fonts/Montserrat/Montserrat-Regular.ttf'
},
'current_consumption' : {
'type': 'TextBlock',
# need 2 lines to make this work properly; text is a bit too long
# can you shorten the text?
'max_lines': 2,
'height': 0.22,
'width': 1,
'hcenter': False,
'vcenter': True,
'padding': 10,
'abs_coordinates': (0, None),
'relative': ['current_consumption', 'daily_yield'],
'mode': 'L',
'font': dir_path+'/../../fonts/Montserrat/Montserrat-Regular.ttf'
},
'current_yield' : {
'type': 'TextBlock',
# need 2 lines to make this work properly; text is a bit too long
# can you shorten the text?
'max_lines': 2,
'height': 0.22,
'width': 1,
'hcenter': False,
'vcenter': True,
'padding': 10,
'abs_coordinates': (0, None),
'relative': ['current_yield', 'current_consumption'],
'mode': 'L',
'font': dir_path+'/../../fonts/Montserrat/Montserrat-Regular.ttf'
},
'battery_SOC' : {
'type': 'TextBlock',
# need 2 lines to make this work properly; text is a bit too long
# can you shorten the text?
'max_lines': 2,
'height': 0.22,
'width': 1,
'hcenter': False,
'vcenter': True,
'padding': 10,
'abs_coordinates': (0, None),
'relative': ['battery_SOC', 'current_yield'],
'mode': 'L',
'font': dir_path+'/../../fonts/Montserrat/Montserrat-Regular.ttf'
}
}
Fiddling around with the height = 0.22 is working (taking it down to e.g. 0.12), but not intended as height of 0.22 is good for layout-style horizontal.
So is there a way to define different font sizing if using other rotation options than mentioned? Any help is highly appreciated!
Thank you
BR
Julius
Hi, this is concerning the documented rotation options of EPD display:
With my waveshare 6" (800x600px - https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/6inch_e-Paper_HAT), the rotations dont match the documentation. Here this is matching:
cable left : 0; cable right: 180; cable top: 90; cable bottom: -90
rotation = 0:
rotation = 90:
If you need to run test-code against my setup, feel free to get in touch. If you need any more data, pictures, etc., also get in touch.
Thank you and BR
Julius
TextBlock claim documents state that they are always rendered as 1 bit, this is not true. Text blocks support grayscale with supported displays.
Orange and Green don't match. Need to add a check/convert for this
| Name | PILLOW RGB | WaveShare HEX | Waveshare RGB | Variant |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BLACK | (0, 0, 0) | 0X0 | (0, 0, 0) | |
| WHITE | (255, 255, 255) | 0X1 | (255, 255, 255) | |
| GREEN | (0, 128, 0) | 0X2 | (0, 255, 0) | |
| BLUE | (0, 0, 255) | 0X3 | (0, 0, 255) | |
| RED | (255, 0, 0) | 0X4 | (255, 0, 0) | |
| YELLOW | (255, 255, 0) | 0X4 | (255, 255, 0) | |
| ORANGE | (255, 165, 0) | 0X5 | (255, 128, 0) |
Some WaveShare displays display all content mirrored over the X or Y axis for ??? REASONS ???. Add an option to mirror content along either of those axes.
See: txoof/slimpi_epd#7
Just a to-do reminder
03:37:41 epd2in7:getbuffer:378:DEBUG - Horizontal
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "paperpi.py", line 658, in <module>
File "paperpi.py", line 641, in main
File "paperpi.py", line 545, in update_loop
File "/home/pi/.local/share/virtualenvs/epd_display-ApAYs8Kw/lib/python3.7/site-packages/epdlib/Screen.py", line 361, in writeEPD
File "/home/pi/.local/share/virtualenvs/epd_display-ApAYs8Kw/lib/python3.7/site-packages/epdlib/Screen.py", line 401, in _full_writeEPD_non_hd
File "/home/pi/.local/share/virtualenvs/epd_display-ApAYs8Kw/lib/python3.7/site-packages/epdlib/Screen.py", line 296, in initEPD
File "/home/pi/src/epd_display/paperpi/waveshare_epd/epd2in7.py", line 222, in init
File "/home/pi/src/epd_display/paperpi/waveshare_epd/epdconfig.py", line 74, in module_init
OSError: [Errno 24] Too many open files
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/weakref.py", line 628, in _exitfunc
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/weakref.py", line 552, in __call__
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/tempfile.py", line 934, in _cleanup
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/shutil.py", line 487, in rmtree
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/shutil.py", line 485, in rmtree
OSError: [Errno 24] Too many open files: '/tmp/PaperPi_489piixc'
This appears to be a problem in the WaveShare epdconfig.py. The SPI handle is opened, but it is not closed anywhere after writing.
Putting the display to sleep does not close out the SPI handle.
Adding an self.SPI.close() call to the module_exit() method does not appear to help
def module_exit(self):
logging.debug("spi end")
self.SPI.close()
logging.debug("close 5V, Module enters 0 power consumption ...")
self.GPIO.output(self.RST_PIN, 0)
self.GPIO.output(self.DC_PIN, 0)
self.GPIO.cleanup()
self.SPI.close() # this does not appear to help
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "paperpi/paperpi.py", line 648, in
File "paperpi/paperpi.py", line 631, in main
File "paperpi/paperpi.py", line 469, in update_loop
File "epdlib/Screen.py", line 273, in wrapper
File "epdlib/Screen.py", line 535, in writeEPD
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'rotate'
Screen.py
line 253: self.buffer_no_image = self._epd.getbuffer(Image.new('L', self.resolution, 255))
line 291: self.buffer_no_image = self.epd.getbuffer(Image.new('L', self.resolution, 255))
line 382: image_buffer = epd.getbuffer(image) <--- this is likely the culprit of the crash
Dec 9 22:12:21 paperpi paperpi[949]: [950] Failed to execute script paperpi
Dec 9 22:12:21 paperpi paperpi[949]: Traceback (most recent call last):
Dec 9 22:12:21 paperpi paperpi[949]: File "paperpi/paperpi.py", line 568, in <module>
Dec 9 22:12:21 paperpi paperpi[949]: File "paperpi/paperpi.py", line 551, in main
Dec 9 22:12:21 paperpi paperpi[949]: File "paperpi/paperpi.py", line 428, in update_loop
Dec 9 22:12:21 paperpi paperpi[949]: File "epdlib/Screen.py", line 388, in writeEPD
Dec 9 22:12:21 paperpi paperpi[949]: File "/tmp/_MEI3ExySM/waveshare_epd/epd7in5_V2.py", line 118, in getbuffer
Dec 9 22:12:21 paperpi paperpi[949]: image_monocolor = image.convert('1')
Dec 9 22:12:21 paperpi paperpi[949]: AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'convert'
Dec 9 22:12:22 paperpi systemd[1]: paperpi-daemon.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=255/EXCEPTION
textblock should have option to forbid overflow
Borders are not updated by update_block_props:
The .border_config property of the block should have a fill color of 'BLUE', but is stuck at 255:
{'fill': 255, 'width': 3, 'sides': ['top']}
This can likely be fixed from within the set_block method in Layout.Layout by checking for a fill value in the border_config property and updating the fill to match the fill value.
Layout.Layout objects are not designed to be updated once created. Updating values involves updating specific key/value combinations in the dictionary. Changes to block mode values may be easy to handle, but changes to the font or block size ratios will involve a recalculation and reset of many of the Block.Block object properties.
see inkyphat library
As per request: txoof/epd_display#41
The _calc_maxchar method in Block.TextBlock needs to be updated to use either getbox or getlength. One of these two methods should be more precise than the current bodge.
WARNING:root:no font size set, using {font_size}
/tmp/ipykernel_5447/3591940074.py:220: DeprecationWarning: getsize is deprecated and will be removed in Pillow 10 (2023-07-01). Use getbbox or getlength instead.
s_length = self.font.getsize(s)[0] # string length in Pixles
I'm struggling to get omni-epd to install in my pipenv. Can you give any pointers for how you made this work? It keeps failing on numpy when it tries to install dependencies for inky. This is on a Buster32 with python 3.7.
I've tried everything I can think of, but I can't get numpy to install properly within the venv. It eventually always errors out with this:
error: Command "arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -pthread -shared -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/umath/loops_unary_fp.dispatch.neon.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/umath/loops_arithmetic.dispatch.neon.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/umath/loops_unary_fp.dispatch.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/umath/loops_arithm_fp.dispatch.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/umath/loops_arithmetic.dispatch.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/umath/loops_trigonometric.dispatch.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/umath/loops_exponent_log.dispatch.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/umath/loops_trigonometric.dispatch.neon_vfpv4.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/abstractdtypes.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/alloc.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/arrayobject.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/arraytypes.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/array_coercion.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/array_method.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/array_assign_scalar.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/array_assign_array.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/arrayfunction_override.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/buffer.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/calculation.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/compiled_base.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/common.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/common_dtype.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/convert.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/convert_datatype.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/conversion_utils.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/ctors.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/datetime.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/datetime_strings.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/datetime_busday.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/datetime_busdaycal.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/descriptor.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/dtypemeta.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/dragon4.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/dtype_transfer.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/einsum.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/einsum_sumprod.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/flagsobject.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/getset.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/hashdescr.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/item_selection.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/iterators.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/legacy_dtype_implementation.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/lowlevel_strided_loops.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/mapping.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/methods.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/multiarraymodule.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/nditer_templ.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/nditer_api.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/nditer_constr.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/nditer_pywrap.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/number.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/refcount.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/sequence.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/shape.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/scalarapi.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/scalartypes.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/strfuncs.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/temp_elide.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/typeinfo.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/usertypes.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/multiarray/vdot.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/npysort/quicksort.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/npysort/mergesort.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/npysort/timsort.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/npysort/heapsort.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/npysort/radixsort.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/npysort/selection.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/npysort/binsearch.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/umath/umathmodule.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/umath/reduction.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/umath/loops.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/umath/matmul.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/umath/clip.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/umath/ufunc_object.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/umath/extobj.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/umath/scalarmath.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/umath/ufunc_type_resolution.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/umath/override.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/common/array_assign.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/common/mem_overlap.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/common/npy_argparse.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/common/npy_longdouble.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/common/ucsnarrow.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/common/ufunc_override.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/common/numpyos.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/build/src.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/common/npy_cpu_features.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/common/cblasfuncs.o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/src/common/python_xerbla.o -L/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf -L/usr/lib -Lbuild/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7 -lnpymath -lf77blas -lcblas -latlas -lf77blas -lcblas -lm -o build/lib.linux-armv7l-3.7/numpy/core/_multiarray_umath.cpython-37m-arm-linux-gnueabihf.so" failed with exit status 1
[end of output]
note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
ERROR: Failed building wheel for numpy
ERROR: Could not build wheels for numpy, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects
Line 16 in 1d2c4f0
Only setting the layout property calls the _set_blocks method that updates the blocks.
Add a method to update dict keys and push those changes through to the blocks. This should make it easier to dynamically change text color and image mode.
I can't find any reason that requests is needed by anything in this library
@aaronr8684 can you think of any reason this is in here? I think it likely crept in accidentally ages ago.
Line 13 in 1d44684
Lower case descenders on some italic fonts stretch outside of the measured bounding box as calculated by Pillow. Adjusting the anchors for measurement bounds of multiline_textbox. This causes the left hand pixels to be cut off in some instances. the letters p, g, j appear to be most affected.
TextBlock currently uses the anchor ld, which should cover this, but for some reason some italic fonts are miss calcuated.
https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/stable/handbook/text-anchors.html#text-anchors
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A declarative, efficient, and flexible JavaScript library for building user interfaces.
🖖 Vue.js is a progressive, incrementally-adoptable JavaScript framework for building UI on the web.
Typescript
TypeScript is a superset of JavaScript that compiles to clean JavaScript output.
An Open Source Machine Learning Framework for Everyone
Django
The Web framework for perfectionists with deadlines.
Laravel
A PHP framework for web artisans
Bring data to life with SVG, Canvas and HTML. 📊📈🎉
JavaScript (JS) is a lightweight interpreted programming language with first-class functions.
Some thing interesting about web. New door for the world.
A server is a program made to process requests and deliver data to clients.
Machine learning is a way of modeling and interpreting data that allows a piece of software to respond intelligently.
Some thing interesting about visualization, use data art
Some thing interesting about game, make everyone happy.
Facebook
We are working to build community through open source technology. NB: members must have two-factor auth.
Microsoft
Open source projects and samples from Microsoft.
Google
Google ❤️ Open Source for everyone.
Alibaba
Alibaba Open Source for everyone
D3
Data-Driven Documents codes.
Tencent
China tencent open source team.