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GoTestWAF

GoTestWAF is a tool for API and OWASP attack simulation that supports a wide range of API protocols including REST, GraphQL, gRPC, SOAP, XMLRPC, and others.

It was designed to evaluate web application security solutions, such as API security proxies, Web Application Firewalls, IPS, API gateways, and others.

How it works
Requirements
Quick start with Docker
Checking evaluation results
Demos
Other options to run GoTestWAF
Configuration options
Running with OWASP Core Rule Set regression testing suite

How it works

GoTestWAF generates malicious requests using encoded payloads placed in different parts of HTTP requests: its body, headers, URL parameters, etc. Generated requests are sent to the application security solution URL specified during GoTestWAF launch. The results of the security solution evaluation are recorded in the report file created on your machine.

Default conditions for request generation are defined in the testcases folder in the YAML files of the following format:

payload:
  - '"union select -7431.1, name, @aaa from u_base--w-'
  - "'or 123.22=123.22"
  - "' waitfor delay '00:00:10'--"
  - "')) or pg_sleep(5)--"
encoder:
  - Base64Flat
  - URL
placeholder:
  - UrlPath
  - UrlParam
  - JSUnicode
  - Header
type: SQL Injection

payload is a malicious attack sample (e.g XSS payload like <script>alert(111)</script> or something more sophisticated). Since the format of the YAML string is required for payloads, they must be encoded as binary data.
encoder is an encoder to be applied to the payload before placing it to the HTTP request. Possible encoders are:
- Base64
- Base64Flat
- JSUnicode
- URL
- Plain (to keep the payload string as-is)
- XML Entity

placeholder is a place inside HTTP request where encoded payload should be. Possible placeholders are:

gRPC
Header
UserAgent
RequestBody
JSONRequest
JSONBody
HTMLForm
HTMLMultipartForm
SOAPBody
XMLBody
URLParam
URLPath
RawRequest

The RawRequest placeholder will allow you to do an arbitrary HTTP request. The payload is substituted by replacing the string {{payload}} in the URL path, Headers or body. Fields of RawRequest placeholder:

method
path
headers
body

Required fields for RawRequest placeholder:

method field

Example:

payload:
  - test
encoder:
  - Plain
placeholder:
  - RawRequest:
      method: "POST"
      path: "/"
      headers:
        Content-Type: "multipart/form-data; boundary=boundary"
      body: |
        --boundary
        Content-disposition: form-data; name="field1"
        
        Test
        --boundary
        Content-disposition: form-data; name="field2"
        Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-7
        
        Knock knock.
        {{payload}}
        --boundary--
type: RawRequest test

type is a name of entire group of the payloads in file. It can be arbitrary, but should reflect the type of attacks in the file.

Request generation is a three-step process involving the multiplication of payload amount by encoder and placeholder amounts. Let's say you defined 2 payloads, 3 encoders (Base64, JSUnicode, and URL) and 1 placeholder (URLParameter - HTTP GET parameter). In this case, GoTestWAF will send 2x3x1 = 6 requests in a test case.

During GoTestWAF launch, you can also choose test cases between two embedded: OWASP Top-10, OWASP-API, or your own (by using the configuration option testCasePath).

Requirements

GoTestwaf supports all the popular operating systems (Linux, Windows, macOS), and can be built natively if Go is installed in the system. If you want to run GoTestWaf natively, make sure you have the Chrome web browser to be able to generate PDF reports. In case you don't have Chrome, you can create a report in HTML format.
If running GoTestWAF as the Docker container, please ensure you have installed and configured Docker, and GoTestWAF and evaluated application security solution are connected to the same Docker network.
For GoTestWAF to be successfully started, please ensure the IP address of the machine running GoTestWAF is whitelisted on the machine running the application security solution.

Quick start with Docker

The steps below walk through downloading and starting GoTestWAF with minimal configuration on Docker.

Pull the GoTestWAF image from Docker Hub:
```
docker pull wallarm/gotestwaf
```
Start the GoTestWAF image:
```
docker run --rm --network="host" -it -v ${PWD}/reports:/app/reports \
    wallarm/gotestwaf --url=<EVALUATED_SECURITY_SOLUTION_URL>
```
If required, you can replace ${PWD}/reports with the path to another folder used to place the evaluation report.

If you don't want to optionally email the report, just press Enter after the email request message appears, or you can use --noEmailReport to skip the message:
```
docker run --rm --network="host" -v ${PWD}/reports:/app/reports \
    wallarm/gotestwaf --url=<EVALUATED_SECURITY_SOLUTION_URL> --noEmailReport
```
If the evaluated security tool is available externally, you can skip the option --network="host". This option enables interaction of Docker containers running on 127.0.0.1.

To perform the gRPC tests you must have a working endpoint and use the --grpcPort cli option.
```
docker run --rm --network="host" -it -v ${PWD}/reports:/app/reports \
    wallarm/gotestwaf --grpcPort 9000 --url=http://my.grpc.endpoint
```
Check your email for the report.

You have successfully evaluated your application security solution by using GoTestWAF with minimal configuration. To learn advanced configuration options, please use this link.

Checking the evaluation results

Check the evaluation results logged using the STDOUT and STDERR services. For example:

INFO[0000] GoTestWAF started                             version=v0.4.11-1-g8ccc316
INFO[0000] Test cases loading started                   
INFO[0000] Test cases loading finished                  
INFO[0000] Test cases fingerprint                        fp=23c3ae919db5e6edcb62815de1a09fdf
INFO[0000] Try to identify WAF solution                 
INFO[0000] WAF was not identified                       
INFO[0000] WAF pre-check                                 url="http://localhost:8080"
INFO[0000] WAF pre-check                                 blocked=true code=403 status=done
INFO[0000] WebSocket pre-check                           status=started url="ws://localhost:8080"
INFO[0000] WebSocket pre-check                           connection="not available" error="websocket: bad handshake" status=done
INFO[0000] gRPC pre-check                                status=started
INFO[0000] gRPC pre-check                                connection="not available" status=done
INFO[0000] Scanning started                              url="http://localhost:8080"
INFO[0025] Scanning finished                             duration=25.043996212s                                                                                                                          
True-Positive Tests:
+-----------------------+-------------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
|       TEST SET        |        TEST CASE        |     PERCENTAGE, %     |        BLOCKED        |       BYPASSED        |      UNRESOLVED       |         SENT          |        FAILED         |
+-----------------------+-------------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| community             | community-128kb-rce     |                  0.00 |                     0 |                     0 |                     1 |                     1 |                     0 |
| community             | community-128kb-sqli    |                  0.00 |                     0 |                     0 |                     1 |                     1 |                     0 |
| community             | community-128kb-xss     |                  0.00 |                     0 |                     0 |                     1 |                     1 |                     0 |
| community             | community-16kb-rce      |                100.00 |                     1 |                     0 |                     0 |                     1 |                     0 |
| community             | community-16kb-sqli     |                100.00 |                     1 |                     0 |                     0 |                     1 |                     0 |
| community             | community-16kb-xss      |                100.00 |                     1 |                     0 |                     0 |                     1 |                     0 |
| community             | community-32kb-rce      |                100.00 |                     1 |                     0 |                     0 |                     1 |                     0 |
| community             | community-32kb-sqli     |                100.00 |                     1 |                     0 |                     0 |                     1 |                     0 |
| community             | community-32kb-xss      |                100.00 |                     1 |                     0 |                     0 |                     1 |                     0 |
| community             | community-64kb-rce      |                100.00 |                     1 |                     0 |                     0 |                     1 |                     0 |
| community             | community-64kb-sqli     |                100.00 |                     1 |                     0 |                     0 |                     1 |                     0 |
| community             | community-64kb-xss      |                100.00 |                     1 |                     0 |                     0 |                     1 |                     0 |
| community             | community-8kb-rce       |                100.00 |                     1 |                     0 |                     0 |                     1 |                     0 |
| community             | community-8kb-sqli      |                100.00 |                     1 |                     0 |                     0 |                     1 |                     0 |
| community             | community-8kb-xss       |                100.00 |                     1 |                     0 |                     0 |                     1 |                     0 |
| community             | community-lfi           |                100.00 |                     8 |                     0 |                     0 |                     8 |                     0 |
| community             | community-lfi-multipart |                  0.00 |                     0 |                     0 |                     9 |                     9 |                     0 |
| community             | community-rce           |                 83.33 |                    10 |                     2 |                     0 |                    12 |                     0 |
| community             | community-sqli          |                100.00 |                    32 |                     0 |                     0 |                    32 |                     0 |
| community             | community-user-agent    |                 70.00 |                     7 |                     3 |                     0 |                    10 |                     0 |
| community             | community-xss           |                 95.80 |                   502 |                    22 |                     0 |                   524 |                     0 |
| community             | community-xxe           |                  0.00 |                     0 |                     2 |                     0 |                     2 |                     0 |
| owasp                 | crlf                    |                 77.78 |                     7 |                     2 |                     0 |                     9 |                     0 |
| owasp                 | ldap-injection          |                  3.13 |                     2 |                    62 |                     0 |                    64 |                     0 |
| owasp                 | mail-injection          |                 12.50 |                     3 |                    21 |                     0 |                    24 |                     0 |
| owasp                 | nosql-injection         |                  0.00 |                     0 |                    70 |                     0 |                    70 |                     0 |
| owasp                 | path-traversal          |                 24.77 |                    27 |                    82 |                     1 |                   110 |                     0 |
| owasp                 | rce                     |                 33.33 |                    22 |                    44 |                     0 |                    66 |                     0 |
| owasp                 | rce-urlparam            |                 33.33 |                     3 |                     6 |                     0 |                     9 |                     0 |
| owasp                 | shell-injection         |                 27.08 |                    13 |                    35 |                     0 |                    48 |                     0 |
| owasp                 | sql-injection           |                 24.36 |                    38 |                   118 |                     0 |                   156 |                     0 |
| owasp                 | ss-include              |                 37.50 |                    15 |                    25 |                     0 |                    40 |                     0 |
| owasp                 | sst-injection           |                 18.75 |                    12 |                    52 |                     0 |                    64 |                     0 |
| owasp                 | xml-injection           |                  0.00 |                     0 |                    12 |                     1 |                    13 |                     0 |
| owasp                 | xss-scripting           |                 33.20 |                   167 |                   336 |                     1 |                   504 |                     0 |
| owasp-api             | graphql                 |                  0.00 |                     0 |                     6 |                     0 |                     6 |                     0 |
| owasp-api             | graphql-post            |                 50.00 |                     2 |                     2 |                     0 |                     4 |                     0 |
| owasp-api             | grpc                    |                  0.00 |                     0 |                     0 |                     0 |                     0 |                     0 |
| owasp-api             | non-crud                |                100.00 |                     2 |                     0 |                     0 |                     2 |                     0 |
| owasp-api             | rest                    |                 23.08 |                     3 |                    10 |                     0 |                    13 |                     0 |
| owasp-api             | soap                    |                 23.08 |                     3 |                    10 |                     0 |                    13 |                     0 |
+-----------------------+-------------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
|         DATE:         |      PROJECT NAME:      | TRUE-POSITIVE SCORE:  |  BLOCKED (RESOLVED):  | BYPASSED (RESOLVED):  |  UNRESOLVED (SENT):   |      TOTAL SENT:      |    FAILED (TOTAL):    |
|      2024-02-08       |         GENERIC         |        49.12%         |   890/1812 (49.12%)   |   922/1812 (50.88%)   |    15/1827 (0.82%)    |         1827          |    0/1827 (0.00%)     |
+-----------------------+-------------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+

True-Negative Tests:
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
|       TEST SET        |       TEST CASE       |     PERCENTAGE, %     |        BLOCKED        |       BYPASSED        |      UNRESOLVED       |         SENT          |        FAILED         |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| false-pos             | texts                 |                 85.65 |                    31 |                   185 |                     0 |                   216 |                     0 |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
|         DATE:         |     PROJECT NAME:     | TRUE-NEGATIVE SCORE:  |  BLOCKED (RESOLVED):  | BYPASSED (RESOLVED):  |  UNRESOLVED (SENT):   |      TOTAL SENT:      |    FAILED (TOTAL):    |
|      2024-02-08       |        GENERIC        |        85.65%         |    31/216 (14.35%)    |   185/216 (85.65%)    |     0/216 (0.00%)     |          216          |     0/216 (0.00%)     |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+

Summary:
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
|            TYPE             | TRUE-POSITIVE TESTS BLOCKED | TRUE-NEGATIVE TESTS PASSED  |           AVERAGE           |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
| API Security                | 26.32%                      | n/a                         | 26.32%                      |
| Application Security        | 49.61%                      | 85.65%                      | 67.63%                      |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
|                                                                        SCORE            |           46.97%            |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+

The report file waf-evaluation-report-<date>.pdf is available in the reports folder of the user directory. You can also specify the directory to save the reports with the reportPath parameter and the name of the report file with the reportName parameter. To learn advanced configuration options, please use this link.

Demos

You can try GoTestWAF by running the demo environment that deploys NGINX‑based ModSecurity using OWASP Core Rule Set and GoTestWAF evaluating ModSecurity on Docker.

To run the demo environment:

Clone this repository and go to the cloned directory:

git clone https://github.com/wallarm/gotestwaf.git
cd gotestwaf

Start ModSecurity from the Docker image by using the following make command:
```
make modsec
```
Settings for running the ModSecurity Docker container are defined in the rule modsec of the cloned Makefile. It runs the ModSecurity Docker container on port 8080 with minimal configuration defined in the cloned file ./resources/default.conf.template and the PARANOIA value set to 1.

If required, you can change these settings by editing the rule modsec in the cloned Makefile. Available options for ModSecurity configuration are described on Docker Hub.

To stop ModSecurity containers use the following command:
```
make modsec_down
```
Start GoTestWAF with minimal configuration by using one of the following methods:

Start the Docker image by using the following docker pull and docker run commands:
```
docker pull wallarm/gotestwaf
docker run --rm --network="host" -v ${PWD}/reports:/app/reports \
    wallarm/gotestwaf --url=http://127.0.0.1:8080 --noEmailReport
```
Build the GoTestWAF Docker image from the Dockerfile and run the image by using the following make commands (make sure ModSec is running on port 8080; if not, update the port value in the Makefile):
```
make gotestwaf
make scan_local_from_docker
```
Start GoTestWAF natively with go by using the following make command: (make sure ModSec is running on port 8080; if not, update the port value in the Makefile):
```
make scan_local
```
Find the report file waf-evaluation-report-<date>.pdf in the reports folder that you mapped to /app/reports inside the container.

Other options to run GoTestWAF

In addition to running the GoTestWAF Docker image downloaded from Docker Hub, you can run GoTestWAF by using the following options:

Clone this repository and build the GoTestWAF Docker image from the Dockerfile, for example:
```
git clone https://github.com/wallarm/gotestwaf.git
cd gotestwaf
DOCKER_BUILDKIT=1 docker build --force-rm -t gotestwaf .
docker run --rm --network="host" -it -v ${PWD}/reports:/app/reports \
    gotestwaf --url=<EVALUATED_SECURITY_SOLUTION_URL>
```
If the evaluated security tool is available externally, you can skip the option --network="host". This option enables interaction of Docker containers running on 127.0.0.1.

Clone this repository and run GoTestWAF with go, for example:

git clone https://github.com/wallarm/gotestwaf.git
cd gotestwaf
go run ./cmd --url=<EVALUATED_SECURITY_SOLUTION_URL>

Clone this repository and build GoTestWAF as the Go module:

git clone https://github.com/wallarm/gotestwaf.git
cd gotestwaf
go build -mod vendor -o gotestwaf ./cmd

Supported GoTestWAF configuration options are described below.

Configuration options

Usage: ./gotestwaf [OPTIONS] --url <URL>

Options:
      --addDebugHeader          Add header with a hash of the test information in each request
      --addHeader string        An HTTP header to add to requests
      --blockConnReset          If true, connection resets will be considered as block
      --blockRegex string       Regex to detect a blocking page with the same HTTP response status code as a not blocked request
      --blockStatusCodes ints   HTTP status code that WAF uses while blocking requests (default [403])
      --configPath string       Path to the config file (default "config.yaml")
      --email string            E-mail to which the report will be sent
      --followCookies           If true, use cookies sent by the server. May work only with --maxIdleConns=1 (gohttp only)
      --graphqlURL string       GraphQL URL to check
      --grpcPort uint16         gRPC port to check
      --httpClient string       Which HTTP client use to send requests: chrome, gohttp (default "gohttp")
      --idleConnTimeout int     The maximum amount of time a keep-alive connection will live (gohttp only) (default 2)
      --ignoreUnresolved        If true, unresolved test cases will be considered as bypassed (affect score and results)
      --includePayloads         If true, payloads will be included in HTML/PDF report
      --logFormat string        Set logging format: text, json (default "text")
      --logLevel string         Logging level: panic, fatal, error, warn, info, debug, trace (default "info")
      --maxIdleConns int        The maximum number of keep-alive connections (gohttp only) (default 2)
      --maxRedirects int        The maximum number of handling redirects (gohttp only) (default 50)
      --noEmailReport           Save report locally
      --nonBlockedAsPassed      If true, count requests that weren't blocked as passed. If false, requests that don't satisfy to PassStatusCodes/PassRegExp as blocked
      --openapiFile string      Path to openAPI file
      --passRegex string        Regex to a detect normal (not blocked) web page with the same HTTP status code as a blocked request
      --passStatusCodes ints    HTTP response status code that WAF uses while passing requests (default [200,404])
      --proxy string            Proxy URL to use
      --quiet                   If true, disable verbose logging
      --randomDelay int         Random delay in ms in addition to the delay between requests (default 400)
      --renewSession            Renew cookies before each test. Should be used with --followCookies flag (gohttp only)
      --reportFormat string     Export report to one of the following formats: none, pdf, html, json (default "pdf")
      --reportName string       Report file name. Supports `time' package template format (default "waf-evaluation-report-2006-January-02-15-04-05")
      --reportPath string       A directory to store reports (default "reports")
      --sendDelay int           Delay in ms between requests (default 400)
      --skipWAFBlockCheck       If true, WAF detection tests will be skipped
      --skipWAFIdentification   Skip WAF identification
      --testCase string         If set then only this test case will be run
      --testCasesPath string    Path to a folder with test cases (default "testcases")
      --testSet string          If set then only this test set's cases will be run
      --tlsVerify               If true, the received TLS certificate will be verified
      --url string              URL to check
      --version                 Show GoTestWAF version and exit
      --wafName string          Name of the WAF product (default "generic")
      --workers int             The number of workers to scan (default 5)

GoTestWAF supports two HTTP clients for performing requests, selectable via the --httpClient option. The default client is the standard Golang HTTP client. The second option is Chrome, which can be used with the --httpClient=chrome CLI argument. Note that on Linux systems, you must add the --cap-add=SYS_ADMIN argument to the Docker arguments to run GoTestWAF with Chrome as the request performer.

Report name

With the reportName option you can set your own filename for GoTestWAF reports. This option supports golang's time package for timestamps. Details can be found there. You can use following placeholders to add timestamp to your report name:

Year: 2006, 06
Month: Jan, January
Textual day of the week: Mon, Monday
Numeric day of the month: 2, _2, 02
Numeric day of the year: __2, 002
Hour: 15, 3, 03 (PM or AM)
Minute: 4, 04
Second: 5, 05
AM/PM mark: PM
Numeric zones: Z0700 = Z or ±hhmm, Z07:00 = Z or ±hh:mm, Z07 = Z or ±hh

For example, default reportName is waf-evaluation-report-2006-January-02-15-04-05, where 2006 will be replaced with actual year, January - month, 02 - day, 15 - hour, 04 - minute and 05 - second.

Scan based on OpenAPI file

For better scanning, GTW supports sending malicious vectors through valid application requests. Instead of constructing requests that are simple in structure and send them to the URL specified at startup, GoTestWAF creates valid requests based on the application's API description in the OpenAPI 3.0 format.

How it works:

GoTestWAF loads an OpenAPI file and constructs request templates. All templates are then divided into groups based on what placeholders they support (e.g., if there is a string parameter in the request path, then such a request will be assigned to a group of requests that support URLPath placeholder)
The next malicious vector is selected from the queue for sending. Based on the placeholder specified for it, all query templates are selected into which this vector can be substituted. Next, the vector is substituted into template and the request is sent.
Based on the possible responses specified in the OpenAPI file, it is determined whether the request was blocked by WAF or passed to the application. If the status of the response code and its scheme match those described in the OpenAPI file, the request is marked as bypassed. Otherwise, it will be marked as blocked. It is possible that the application only responds with a status code, and this status code matches the response from the WAF. In this case, the request will be marked as unresolved.

Some supported OpenAPI features:

numeric and string parameters in headers, paths, query parameters and body of requests;
the following content-types are supported for the request body: application/json, application/xml, application/x-www-form-urlencoded, text/plain;
the following modifiers are supported for XML: name, wrapped, attribute, prefix, namespace;
length limits for strings are supported through the minLength and maxLength parameters;
value restrictions for numbers are supported through minimum, maximum, exclusiveMinimum and exclusiveMaximum;
restrictions on the length of arrays through minItems and maxItems are supported;
combination of schemes via oneOf, anyOf, allOf is supported.

Based on the described principle of operation, it is extremely important that the OpenAPI file correctly represents the implemented application API. Therefore, for example, you cannot use default to describe possible responses to queries.

Note: You need to forward volume with openapi spec to GoTestWAF container.

-v ${PWD}/api.yaml:/app/api.yaml

Complete Docker Example:

docker run --rm --network="host" -it -v ${PWD}/reports:/app/reports -v ${PWD}/api.yaml:/app/api.yaml wallarm/gotestwaf --wafName your_waf_name --url=https://example.com/v1 --openapiFile api.yaml

Running with OWASP Core Rule Set regression testing suite

GoTestWAF allows easy integration of additional test suites.

In this example, we will demonstrate how to add tests from the OWASP Core Rule Set regression testing suite.

Since the tests are written in a different format than the GoTestWAF format, a conversion is required. For this purpose, the script misc/modsec_regression_testset_converter.rb is provided.

To convert the tests, run make modsec_crs_regression_tests_convert. Then, build a container with the updated set of tests. make gotestwaf

Note that by default, tests are converted for only a subset of rules. The following categories have been chosen:

REQUEST-932-APPLICATION-ATTACK-RCE
REQUEST-933-APPLICATION-ATTACK-PHP
REQUEST-941-APPLICATION-ATTACK-XSS
REQUEST-930-APPLICATION-ATTACK-LFI
REQUEST-931-APPLICATION-ATTACK-RFI
REQUEST-942-APPLICATION-ATTACK-SQLI
REQUEST-944-APPLICATION-ATTACK-JAVA
REQUEST-934-APPLICATION-ATTACK-GENERIC
REQUEST-913-SCANNER-DETECTION

If needed, modify the variable "crs_testcases" in misc/modsec_regression_testset_converter.rb to add or remove test categories.

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gotestwaf's Introduction

GoTestWAF

How it works

Requirements

Quick start with Docker

Checking the evaluation results

Demos

Other options to run GoTestWAF

Configuration options

Report name

Scan based on OpenAPI file

Running with OWASP Core Rule Set regression testing suite

gotestwaf's People

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