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evolution-strategies-starter-quickstart's Introduction

evolution-strategies-starter-quickstart

OpenAI 在 2017 年发布的研究论文《Evolution Strategies as a Scalable Alternative to Reinforcement Learning》中提出了一种基于进化策略(Evolution Strategies, ES)的优化方法,作为增强学习(Reinforcement Learning, RL)的一种可扩展替代方案。这种方法主要用于解决增强学习任务,尤其是在高维动作空间和模拟环境中的应用。

从第一性原理的角度来看,进化策略框架的核心步骤包括:

  1. 初始化

    • 随机初始化策略参数(例如神经网络权重)。
  2. 生成变异

    • 在每一代中,基于当前的策略参数生成多个变异。这些变异通常通过向参数添加高斯噪声来实现。
  3. 评估

    • 对每一个变异的策略进行评估,通常是通过让策略在环境中执行并根据其表现(获得的总奖励)来评分。
  4. 选择和重组

    • 根据评估结果,选择表现最好的策略变异。
    • 这一步可能涉及到保留表现最佳的变异,或者根据其表现进行加权平均,从而更新策略参数。
  5. 迭代

    • 重复生成变异、评估和选择过程,直到满足某些终止条件,如达到预设的迭代次数或策略表现达到一定标准。

这种方法的优点在于它的并行性和可扩展性。由于每个策略变异的评估相对独立,进化策略非常适合在高性能计算环境中并行处理。此外,与传统的基于梯度的优化方法(如使用反向传播的深度学习)相比,进化策略不需要计算复杂的梯度,使其在处理非平滑优化问题时表现更为鲁棒。

这些核心步骤体现了进化策略的基本原理:通过迭代生成和选择高效策略,逐步提升整体性能,从而在复杂环境中找到有效的解决方案。

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