== producer-consumer
The classic producer-consumer problem implemented using POSIX IPC and double buffering in shared memory. Both, the producer and the consumer process got access to two buffers in shared memory. While the producer writes data into one buffer, the consumer is able to read the second buffer. This avoids stalling any of the processes.
Each buffer is guarded by a read and write semaphore signalling whether it is allowed to read ore write to a buffer. Four semaphores are necessary to ensure only valid data is written or read.