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Chinese translation for "Free Software, Free Society"(3rd)

License: Other

Makefile 19.76% TeX 59.87% Shell 20.37%
free-software- free-society rms richard-stallman essays chinese-translation

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fsfs-zh's Issues

校对流程应该保留 anchor ID 标记

文中所有不相关的 Texinfo 和 HTML 代码符号都可以删掉。

Anchor ID 之类的标记有助于提供对文章章节引用的能力,保留原文的 anchor 则可以简化章节对应的流程。

关于反馈到GNU

README中提到,“我们正在努力将翻译成果反馈到 GNU 官网”,进行地怎么样了,需要怎么做?

关于注释的排版问题

好像有不少注释被分开在不同的页面,甚至有的跨了3页……这算不算一个不足呢?

一些排版问题

注意到:

4.3 保护软件领域免受专利困扰:第202页,PDF中220页

Copyright © 2012, 2013 自由软件基金会,本文的一个版本最初以标题 “Let’s Limit the Effect of Software Patents, Since We Can’t Eliminate Them” 发表于《连线》杂志 Wired 网站(Wired,2012 年 11 月 1 日。http://wired.com/opinion/2012/11/richard-stallman-software-patents/)。该版本于 2012 年发表于 http://gnu.org

中的

http://wired.com/opinion/2012/11/richard-stallman-software-patents/

超出页面了

5.11.14 GNU 自由文档许可证 GNU Free Documentation License:第273页,PDF中的第291页

Copyright (C) year your name.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free
Documentation License"".

也超出了范围

关于末尾的索引

@mytbk @tonghuix 我看到原书的末尾有索引,我们的译本能不能做到呢?(如果有什么地方我可以起到作用的话,我可以尽力帮助)

麻烦修一下错字

在 GNU工程的初始公告 里面 把“从来都不是目的”写成了“从来都是不是目的”,还有其他极个别地方能看到把“不是”,翻译成“是不是”的错误。
还有,你们翻译《计算机网络时代的版权与社区之争》的时候不小心把“我不反对税收”写成了“我不分享税收”。
我看出来了这些小错误,麻烦修正一下。

排版问题

5.2.1 最后一段中的“在你看了我们的推荐之后,如果你想要建议,你可以写邮件到[email protected]”中“licensing@”超出了范围

"copyleft" was translated inappropriately to "共产" in the GPL License

The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for software and other kinds of works.

Was translated to

GNU通用公共许可协议是一份面向软件及其他类型作品的,自由的版权共产协议。

In the whole license, the word "copyleft" only appears once, in the opening sentence for introduction, so there's little context for the translator for reference. The translator, 阮坤良, picked up a word "共产" for his own understanding for "copyleft".

I don't have any complain for HIS personal opinion. However, as a fsfs-zh translation Project, as a whole, translating "copyleft" to "共产" is misleading for readers, since RMS himself never uses "communism", in addition, it is only limited as a concept of copyright, not for all types of property. It is problematic and not acceptable.

I'm going to send a Pull Request to convert "共产" back to "Copyleft".

迁移到其他平台?

因为微软收购了 Github,对咱们这样的项目可能很不利,是否要迁移到其他平台?

比如 Gitlab?

几个表述问题

1.1.1 自由软件的定义:

注意到:

修改软件的一个重要方法是合并可用的自由子程序或模块。如果一个程序的许可证让你不能将一个合理授权发布的现有模块融合进来——例如要求你成为你修改过代码的版权所有者,那么该许可证过于严苛以致不能被视为自由的

中的

例如要求你成为你修改过代码的版权所有者

我认为这里的表述是不准确的。
https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html中这一段是这样的:

倘若要修改某个程序,一种很重要的方法就是从别的程序中拿来现成的函数,或模块来使用。如果某个程序的许可证中禁止你使用其他合理授权的软件的代码来修改该程序—比如,如果某个程序的许可证要求你只能使用你拥有版权的代码—那么这个程序的许可证将不被视为自由软件许可证。

表述为:

如果某个程序的许可证要求你只能使用你拥有版权的代码

另一处:

我们无法将这些可能的情形一一列出。如果一个基于合同的许可证以不同于基于版权许可证的方式限制了用户,此处也没有表明其为合法,那么我们就需要考察这个许可证,并且很可能会将之视为非自由的。

我认为

此处也没有表明其为合法

也是不妥的,
https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html中这一段是这样的:

很遗憾,我们无法列出所有可能的意外情况。如果一份基于合同的许可证对用户做出了一些额外限制,并且这些限制是不可能包含在一份基于版权的许可证中的,那么我们就需要再三考虑它是否可以被视作自由许可证。很多情况下,这些许可证都是非自由的。

表述为:

并且这些限制是不可能包含在一份基于版权的许可证中的

又另一处

最后,这些有关自由软件的标准需要谨慎的解读。判断一个软件许可证是否是自由软件许可证,标准就是看它是否符合自由软件精神以及用语是否精确。如果一个许可证包含了不合理的限制,即便是此文中我们没有预料到的问题,我们也会拒绝它。有些时候一个许可证会带来新的问题和思考,这需要我们与律师咨询以后,共同思考和研判。我们最终得出结论以后,将会更新这份标准以使其能更容易体现特定的许可证是否符合标准。

我认为

用语是否精确

的表述是模糊的
https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html中这一段是这样的:

最后请注意,在实践中,本文中提及的各种关于自由软件的界定标准都需要仔细思考后再做出解释。在决定一个软件许可证是否是自由软件的时候,我们会仔细查看该许可证的内涵和行文是否符合本文中涉及的原则,由此决定许可证是否为自由软件许可证。如果许可证中包含了一些不合理的限制,哪怕这些限制没有在本文中提及,我们也会拒绝承认它是自由的。有时候,某个许可证可能会引起一场大讨论,甚至需要专业律师参与。这时候,我们往往需要仔细定夺之后才能给出结论。遇到这样的许可证,在做出结论之后,我们很可能会更新本文,把之前没有考虑到的因素添加进来。

其表述是这样的:

行文是否符合本文中涉及的原则

校对进度

粗体字的文章是重要文章,需要校对时重点留意,力图出精品。

  • Foreword to the Third Edition
  • Foreword to the First Edition
  • Preface
  • Part I: The GNU Project and Free Software
    • What Is Free Software?
    • The GNU Project
    • The Initial Announcement of the GNU Operating System
    • Free Software Is Even More Important Now .
    • Why Schools Should Exclusively Use Free Software
    • Measures Governments Can Use to Promote Free Software
    • Why Free Software Needs Free Documentation
    • Selling Free Software
    • Free Hardware and Free Hardware Designs
    • Applying the Free Software Criteria
  • Part II: What’s in a Name?
    • What’s in a Name? .
    • Linux and the GNU System
    • Categories of Free and Nonfree Software
    • Why Open Source Misses the Point of Free Software
    • Did You Say “Intellectual Property”? It’s a Seductive Mirage
    • Why Call It the Swindle?
    • Words to Avoid (or Use with Care) Because They Are Loaded or Confusing
  • Part III: Copyright and Injustice
    • The Right to Read
    • Misinterpreting Copyright—A Series of Errors
    • Science Must Push Copyright Aside
    • Copyright vs. Community in the Age of Computer Networks
  • Part IV: Software Patents: Danger to Programmers
    • Software Patents and Literary Patents
    • The Danger of Software Patents
    • Giving the Software Field Protection from Patents
  • Part V: Free Software Licensing
    • Introduction to the Licenses
    • How to Choose a License for Your Own Work
    • The X Window System Trap
    • Programs Must Not Limit the Freedom to Run Them
    • What Is Copyleft?
    • Why Copyleft?
    • Copyleft: Pragmatic Idealism
    • The GNU General Public License
    • Why Upgrade to GPLv3
    • The GNU Lesser General Public License
    • GNU Free Documentation License
    • On Selling Exceptions to the GNU GPL
  • Part VI: Traps and Challenges
    • Can You Trust Your Computer? .
    • The JavaScript Trap
    • Releasing Free Software If You Work at a University
    • Nonfree DRM’d Games on GNU/Linux: Good or Bad?
    • The Danger of E-Books
    • E-books Must Increase Our Freedom, Not Decrease It
    • Who Does That Server Really Serve?
  • Part VII: Value Community and Your Freedom
    • Avoiding Ruinous Compromises
    • Overcoming Social Inertia
    • Freedom or Power?
    • Imperfection Is Not the Same as Oppression
    • How Much Surveillance Can Democracy Withstand?
  • Appendix
    • A: Note on Software
    • B: Translations of “Free Software” and “Gratis Software”
    • C: The Free Software Song

关于Copyleft的翻译

现在我知道有一下几种译文(如果有别的译文,请补充):

  • 左版
  • 版权属左
  • 著佐权
  • 版权所左
  • 版权共产
  • 版左
  • 非独占性版权
  • 版权共享

哪种会更好一些呢?

翻译进度

Contents

  • Foreword to the Third Edition
  • Foreword to the First Edition
  • Preface
  • Part I: The GNU Project and Free Software
    • What Is Free Software?
    • The GNU Project
    • The Initial Announcement of the GNU Operating System
    • Free Software Is Even More Important Now .
    • Why Schools Should Exclusively Use Free Software
    • Measures Governments Can Use to Promote Free Software
    • Why Free Software Needs Free Documentation
    • Selling Free Software
    • Free Hardware and Free Hardware Designs
    • Applying the Free Software Criteria
  • Part II: What’s in a Name?
    • What’s in a Name? .
    • Linux and the GNU System
    • Categories of Free and Nonfree Software
    • Why Open Source Misses the Point of Free Software
    • Did You Say “Intellectual Property”? It’s a Seductive Mirage
    • Why Call It the Swindle?
    • Words to Avoid (or Use with Care) Because They Are Loaded or Confusing
  • Part III: Copyright and Injustice
    • The Right to Read
    • Misinterpreting Copyright—A Series of Errors
    • Science Must Push Copyright Aside
    • Copyright vs. Community in the Age of Computer Networks
  • Part IV: Software Patents: Danger to Programmers
    • Software Patents and Literary Patents
    • The Danger of Software Patents
    • Giving the Software Field Protection from Patents
  • Part V: Free Software Licensing
    • Introduction to the Licenses
    • How to Choose a License for Your Own Work
    • The X Window System Trap
    • Programs Must Not Limit the Freedom to Run Them
    • What Is Copyleft?
    • Why Copyleft?
    • Copyleft: Pragmatic Idealism
    • The GNU General Public License
    • Why Upgrade to GPLv3
    • The GNU Lesser General Public License
    • GNU Free Documentation License
    • On Selling Exceptions to the GNU GPL
  • Part VI: Traps and Challenges
    • Can You Trust Your Computer? .
    • The JavaScript Trap
    • Releasing Free Software If You Work at a University
    • Nonfree DRM’d Games on GNU/Linux: Good or Bad?
    • The Danger of E-Books
    • E-books Must Increase Our Freedom, Not Decrease It
    • Who Does That Server Really Serve?
  • Part VII: Value Community and Your Freedom
    • Avoiding Ruinous Compromises
    • Overcoming Social Inertia
    • Freedom or Power?
    • Imperfection Is Not the Same as Oppression
    • How Much Surveillance Can Democracy Withstand?
  • A Note on Software
  • B: Translations of “Free Software” and “Gratis Software”
  • C: The Free Software Song

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